Colostrum microbiota primiparous and multiparous cows Raw sequence reads. Colostrum microbiota primiparous and multiparous cows

Differences in the handling and feeding of primiparous and multiparous cows will directly reflect on the colostrum and udder microbiota as well as on the entire gastrointestinal tract of these animals. Thus, the initial microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract of these animals may come from different sources, such as the ingestion of colostrum and milk from mothers and contact with feces and the external environment at the time of delivery. However, studies on the diversity of the microbiota of Primiparous and pluriparous dairy cows are still scarce. In this sense, it is necessary to understand whether the microbiota of these animals differs between categories, and whether these possible differences may result from exposure to other microorganisms from the moment the animal becomes part of the milk production system.

初产奶牛（primiparous cows）与经产奶牛（multiparous cows）在饲养管理与饲喂环节的差异，将直接反映在初乳（colostrum）、乳房微生物群（udder microbiota），以及这些动物的全胃肠道微生物群上。因此，这些动物胃肠道的初始微生物群可能源自多种途径，例如摄入母体分泌的初乳与乳汁，以及分娩时接触粪便与外部环境。然而，针对初产与经产奶牛微生物群多样性的相关研究仍较为匮乏。有鉴于此，亟需明晰两类奶牛的微生物群是否存在差异，以及这类潜在差异是否由动物被纳入奶牛养殖生产系统（milk production system）后所接触的其他微生物所导致。