Parkes observations for project P1066 semester 2021APRS_06

We propose 36 hrs of Parkes observations to continue our successful Deeper, Wider, Faster (DWF) program to detect fast transients and fast radio burst (FRB) counterparts and help resolve their nature. DWF coordinates over 80 observatories worldwide at all wavelengths, from radio to gamma-ray to detect and follow-up FRBs and other elusive fast (millisecond-to-hours duration) transients. Crucially, we coordinate simultaneous deep, fast-cadenced, wide-field observations at all wavelengths to observe the same field at the same time as Parkes, enabling multi-wavelength detection before, during, and after the radio detection. Little to no multi-wavelength observations to any significant depth have been done on these timescales, leaving this parameter space underexplored. DWF coordinates major facilities to observe with Parkes, such as South Pole Telescope (mm/sub-mm), GROND (infrared), CTIO Dark Energy Camera (optical), Astrosat (UV/X-ray), HXMT (X-ray), HESS (gamma-ray), and Pierre Auger (high-energy). We perform realtime data processing and transient identification at all wavelengths that enables triggering our deep, rapid-response (within minutes) follow up programs for deep spectroscopy and imaging using the world's largest telescopes (e.g., Keck, VLT, Gemini, SALT, ATCA).

我们提议开展36小时的帕克斯（Parkes）望远镜观测任务，以延续已取得丰硕成果的“更深、更广、更快”（Deeper, Wider, Faster，简称DWF）项目，旨在探测快速暂现源与快速射电暴（fast radio burst, FRB）对应体，并助力阐明其本质属性。本项目协调全球超过80个覆盖全电磁波段（从射电到伽马射线）的天文台，用于探测并跟进快速射电暴及其他难以观测的快速暂现源——这类暂现源的持续时长从毫秒跨度至数小时。尤为关键的是，我们将协调各波段开展同步的深空、快速巡天、宽视场观测，确保与帕克斯望远镜同时对准同一天区，从而能够在射电探测的前、中、后全时段完成多波段探测。目前在这类时间尺度下，几乎未曾开展过具备足够探测深度的多波段观测工作，导致该参数空间尚未得到充分探索。本项目还将协调各类大型科研设施与帕克斯望远镜协同观测，包括南极望远镜（South Pole Telescope，毫米/亚毫米波段）、GROND红外测光系统、CTIO暗能量相机（光学波段）、AstroSat紫外/X射线望远镜、硬X射线调制望远镜（HXMT，X射线波段）、高能量立体切伦科夫望远镜阵列（HESS，伽马射线波段）以及皮埃尔·奥格天文台（Pierre Auger，高能粒子探测）。我们将开展全波段的实时数据处理与暂现源识别工作，借此能够触发针对全球顶级望远镜（如凯克望远镜、甚大望远镜（VLT）、双子望远镜、南非大望远镜（SALT）以及澳大利亚望远镜致密阵列（ATCA））的深空光谱与成像观测项目，实现分钟级的快速响应跟进。