Festuca rubra rhizosphere and root 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing Vestland Climate Grid

Climate change is altering associations between plants and soil microbiota, threatening ecosystem functioning and stability. Predicting these effects requires understanding how concomitant changes in temperature and precipitation influence plant-soil microbiota associations. We identify the pathways via which temperature and precipitation shape prokaryote and fungal rhizosphere and root-associated networks of the perennial grass Festuca rubra in cold-climate ecosystems. We found that joint effects of temperature and precipitation are key in shaping plant-soil microbiota associations, with the start of the growing season as a critical mediating factor. Specifically, the start of the growing season is advanced by increasing temperature, but delayed by increasing precipitation. This joint pathway particularly shaped rhizosphere organic matter degrading microbiota, and root-associated putative plant pathotroph-saprotrophs and beneficial microbiota. We conclude that understanding local temperature, precipitation, and seasonal changes is crucial to accurately predict how the unique plant-microbiota interactions shaping cold-climate ecosystems are evolving with the ongoing change in climate.

气候变化正在改变植物与土壤微生物群（soil microbiota）之间的互作关联，威胁着生态系统的功能与稳定性。要预测此类影响，需明晰温度与降水的协同变化如何调控植物-土壤微生物群的互作关联。我们明确了冷气候生态系统中，多年生草本植物紫羊茅（Festuca rubra）的原核生物与真菌的根际（rhizosphere）及根系关联微生物网络的温度与降水调控通路。研究发现，温度与降水的协同效应对植物-土壤微生物群互作关联的塑造起着核心作用，生长季起始时间为其中的关键介导因子。具体而言，升温会使生长季起始时间提前，而降水增加则会使其推迟。该协同通路尤其对根际有机质降解微生物群，以及根系关联的推定植物致病-腐生营养型微生物与有益微生物群的塑造产生了显著影响。我们认为，明晰局地温度、降水及季节变化特征，对于精准预测塑造冷气候生态系统的独特植物-微生物群互作如何随持续气候变化发生演化至关重要。