Dental trauma and oral health-related quality of life in schoolchildren from public schools of a southern Brazilian city

ABSTRACT Objective: To study the impact of dental trauma on the oral health-related quality of life among Brazilian students. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving a representative sample of students of the public schools (n = 435) in a city in southern Brazil was carried out. Data on dental trauma were collected through oral examinations using the O’Brien’s criteria (1993) restricted to fractures and avulsions. The Brazilian version of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) was used in order to collect data on the impact of oral health-related quality of life. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed through Poisson log-linear regression with robust estimator with significance levels set at p <0.05. Prevalence ratios (PR) and confidence intervals (95%) were estimated. Results: The prevalence of dental trauma was 7.2%, and it was associated with the following dimensions: performing daily activities [(PR = 3.52 (95% CI, 1.06-11.75)] (p = 0.040), and speaking [(PR = 3.67 (95% CI, 1.24-10.86)] (p = 0.019) after adjusting for sex, age, dental caries and malocclusion. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma found among this population was low, but significantly associated with oral health-related quality of life.

摘要 研究目的：探讨牙科外伤对巴西学生口腔健康相关生活质量的影响。方法：本研究为横断面研究，纳入巴西南部某城市公立学校的代表性学生样本（n=435）。牙科外伤相关数据通过口腔检查采集，采用O’Brien（1993）制定的诊断标准，仅涵盖牙折与牙脱位两类损伤。本研究使用口腔健康影响日常表现量表（Oral Impacts on Daily Performances, OIDP）的巴西本土化版本，以收集口腔健康相关生活质量受影响的相关数据。采用稳健估计泊松对数线性回归开展双变量与多变量分析，检验水准设定为p<0.05，并估算患病率比（PR）及95%置信区间。结果：该研究人群的牙科外伤患病率为7.2%。在校正性别、年龄、龋病与错𬌗因素后，牙科外伤与以下两个维度存在显著关联：日常活动执行功能（PR=3.52，95%CI：1.06~11.75，p=0.040）以及言语功能（PR=3.67，95%CI：1.24~10.86，p=0.019）。结论：本研究人群的牙科外伤患病率较低，但与口腔健康相关生活质量存在显著关联。