Antibiosis and antixenosis of lima bean to Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)

ABSTRACT: Lima bean is an important source of protein and income for many families in Northeast Brazil. Zabrotes subfasciatus is the main pest of stored lima bean, which is responsible for quantitative and qualitative losses. Genetic resistance is one of the most promising ways to control pests. Thus, this research aimed to study the genetic resistance of eight accessions of lima bean to Z. subfasciatus attack. Assays were performed in the laboratory with temperature and lighting controlled in a completely randomized design using the UFPI 230, UFPI 264, UFPI 271, UFPI 515, UFPI 468, UFPI 220, UFPI 280, and UFPI 134 accessions as treatments. No-choice and free-choice tests were performed. In the free-choice test significant differences were observed in the number of eggs, emerged insects and larval/pupal mortality using the F test and Scott-Knot, both at 5% of probability. The attractivity and preference indicators for oviposition have shown that there are different resistance levels of no preference type for oviposition. All accessions revealed a low antibiosis level. The UFPI 220, UFPI 468, UFPI264, UFPI 134, and UFPI 230 accessions presented antixenosis resistance when compared to the UFPI 515 accession. The UFPI 515 was the most susceptible.

摘要：利马豆（Lima bean）是巴西东北部众多家庭重要的蛋白质与收入来源。四纹豆象（Zabrotes subfasciatus）是储藏利马豆的主要害虫，可造成籽粒数量与品质双重损失。遗传抗性是当前最具应用前景的害虫防治手段之一。本研究旨在探究8份利马豆种质对四纹豆象为害的遗传抗性。试验在温度与光照可控的实验室中开展，采用完全随机设计，以UFPI 230、UFPI 264、UFPI 271、UFPI 515、UFPI 468、UFPI 220、UFPI 280及UFPI 134共8份种质作为供试材料。设置无选择试验与自由选择试验两组处理。自由选择试验中，采用F检验与Scott-Knot检验（显著性水平设为5%）分析，结果显示产卵量、成虫羽化数及幼虫/蛹死亡率均存在显著差异。产卵引诱性与产卵偏好性指标表明，各供试种质存在不同水平的产卵非偏好型抗性。所有供试种质均表现出较低的抗生性（antibiosis）水平。相较于UFPI 515种质，UFPI 220、UFPI 468、UFPI 264、UFPI 134及UFPI 230表现出排趋性（antixenosis）抗性。其中UFPI 515为最感虫的种质。