Modeling the tendon-bone dynamic interaction while wrapping and unwrapping using bond graph

The dynamic wrapping and unwrapping of tendons or ligaments around bones critically influence tendon stretch, bone-periosteum contact forces, and joint motion. Accurately modeling this interaction over irregular bone surfaces is complex. This study introduces a novel framework using 3D point cloud bone geometry enveloped by a soft periosteum layer, modeled via nonlinear stiffness and damping fields. Tendons/ligaments are represented as elastic strings with distributed point masses linked by nonlinear stiffness and damping. Multibond graph submodels capture the coupled dynamics between tendon, periosteum, and bone. Simulations in planar and 3D cases demonstrate the model’s robustness, offering new insights into biomechanical motion and joint mechanics.

肌腱或韧带在骨骼周围的动态缠绕与松解，对肌腱拉伸、骨-骨膜接触力以及关节运动具有关键影响。在不规则骨骼表面精准建模此类相互作用，颇具挑战性。本研究提出了一种全新框架：采用由软组织骨膜层包裹的三维点云（3D point cloud）骨骼几何模型，并通过非线性刚度与阻尼场对其进行建模。研究将肌腱/韧带表征为带有分布质点的弹性绳，各质点间以非线性刚度和阻尼相连。多键图（multibond graph）子模型可捕捉肌腱、骨膜与骨骼之间的耦合动力学特性。平面与三维场景下的仿真验证了该模型的鲁棒性，同时为生物力学运动与关节力学研究提供了全新视角。