Processed Batch Experiment Dataset for Metal Immobilization from Actual Acid Mine Drainage Using Cow-Derived Biochar: Synthesis, Characterization, and Treatment Performance

This Mendeley Data repository contains the raw and processed batch experiment dataset generated to test the hypothesis that cow-derived biochar can effectively immobilise dissolved metals in actual acid mine drainage (AMD) under controlled laboratory conditions. The dataset is organised into clearly defined directories that reflect successive stages of data generation, processing, and interpretation, enabling transparent reuse and reproducibility.
Raw Data (Batch Experiment and Physicochemical Measurements)
The Raw_Data directory contains the original analytical outputs generated during batch treatment experiments using untreated AMD and cow-derived biochar. These files include ICP-OES measurements of dissolved metal concentrations, recorded in triplicate to assess analytical precision, along with associated physicochemical parameters such as pH and electrical conductivity. These data represent the unprocessed experimental observations and form the basis for all subsequent calculations. Users may reuse these files to apply alternative statistical analyses, adsorption models, or kinetic interpretations without reliance on pre-computed results.
Processed Data (Calculated Removal Efficiencies and Summary Tables)
The Processed_Data directory contains derived datasets generated from the raw measurements, including mean metal concentrations, standard deviations, and percentage removal or immobilisation efficiencies. These processed tables describe the treatment performance of cow-derived biochar across experimental conditions and provide benchmark values for comparison with other remediation materials. While these summaries facilitate rapid interpretation, all calculations are traceable to the raw data to allow independent verification.
Metadata and Experimental Context
The Metadata directory provides structured contextual information ensuring that secondary users can correctly interpret the dataset, reproduce the experimental setup where needed, and integrate the data into comparative or meta-analytical studies.

本门德利数据仓储（Mendeley Data）收录了为验证某一假说而生成的原始与经过处理的批量实验数据集：该假说认为，在可控实验室条件下，牛源生物炭可有效固定实际酸性矿山排水（AMD）中的溶解态金属。本数据集按清晰划分的目录结构进行组织，对应数据生成、处理与解读的连续阶段，可实现透明化复用与可重复研究。

原始数据（批量实验与理化测量）
Raw_Data 目录收录了采用未处理酸性矿山排水与牛源生物炭开展批量处理实验期间生成的原始分析结果。此类文件包含溶解态金属浓度的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）测量数据，以三次重复实验记录以评估分析精度，同时包含关联理化参数，如pH值与电导率。本部分数据为未经处理的实验观测结果，是所有后续计算的基础。使用者可复用这些文件开展替代性统计分析、吸附模型或动力学解读，无需依赖预计算结果。

处理后数据（计算得到的去除效率与汇总表）
Processed_Data 目录收录了由原始测量数据衍生得到的数据集，包括金属平均浓度、标准偏差以及去除或固定效率百分比。这些处理后的表格阐明了牛源生物炭在不同实验条件下的处理性能，并提供了可与其他修复材料对比的基准值。尽管此类汇总数据可快速实现解读，但所有计算均可追溯至原始数据，以供独立验证。

元数据与实验背景
Metadata 目录提供结构化的背景信息，可确保二级使用者正确解读本数据集、在必要时复现实验装置，并将该数据整合至对比研究或元分析研究中。