Data_Sheet_1_Metagenomic insights into traditional fermentation of rice-based beverages among ethnic tribes in southern Assam, Northeast India.docx

IntroductionTraditional fermented foods have long been recognized for their numerous health benefits along with their potential to aid in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. These fermented foods have been shown to promote gut health and contribute to a longer, healthier life.
MethodsThe high-throughput sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform was employed to investigate the microbiome communities of rice-based fermented beverages consumed by ethnic tribes in Southern Assam, namely Zeme Naga, Dimasa Kachari, Hmar, Karbi and Tea tribes.
ResultsThe fermented rice-based beverages were highly predominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria exhibiting the highest relative abundance across all tribes. At genus level, significant abundance of pediococcus, lactobacillus, bacillus, leuconostoc, acetobacter, staphylococcus, delftia, erwinia, klebsiella and chrysebacterium were found amongst these ethnic tribes.
DiscussionUnderstanding the fermented food microbiome will help to know the relationships between microbial communities and their effect on health of humans amongst the tribes. Furthermore, the use of these fermented products could provide enhanced health benefits to southern Assam region of India.

引言：传统发酵食品长期以来被证实具备多重健康益处，同时有望辅助治疗胃肠道疾病。相关研究表明，此类发酵食品能够促进肠道健康，助力人类实现更长、更健康的寿命。
方法：本研究采用Illumina MiSeq平台（Illumina MiSeq platform）开展高通量测序，以探究印度阿萨姆邦南部各民族部落——泽梅纳加族（Zeme Naga）、迪马萨卡查里族（Dimasa Kachari）、赫马尔族（Hmar）、卡比族（Karbi）以及茶族（Tea tribes）——所食用的稻米基发酵饮品的微生物组群落结构。
结果：本次研究涉及的稻米基发酵饮品中，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroides）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）与放线菌门（Actinobacteria）为优势菌群，在所有受访部落中均呈现最高相对丰度。在属水平上，各部落样本中均检出丰度较高的片球菌属（Pediococcus）、乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、明串珠菌属（Leuconostoc）、醋杆菌属（Acetobacter）、葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）、代尔夫特菌属（Delftia）、欧文氏菌属（Erwinia）、克雷伯菌属（Klebsiella）与产黄杆菌属（Chrysebacterium）。
讨论：解析发酵食品的微生物组，有助于阐明微生物群落与部落人群健康之间的关联。此外，开发利用此类发酵产品，可为印度阿萨姆邦南部地区民众带来更优质的健康获益。