Growth and macronutrient accumulation in tomato cultivated in an organic system

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to characterize the growth and nutrient absorption of ‘Debora Victory’ tomato grown in organic system. The treatments consisted of nine sampling dates, at 2, 32, 46, 60, 77, 91, 109, 122 and 137 days after transplantation (DAT). In the last sampling, plants reached an estimated accumulation of dry and fresh weight in plant shoots of 550 and 9,528 g/plant, respectively. At the end of the cycle, the distribution of dry matter was 73% in the fruits, 16% in the leaves and 11% in the stem. The yield of total fresh fruits was estimated at 154.7 t/ha. The decreasing order of nutrient accumulation in plant shoots was K>N>Ca>P>S>Mg, with estimated values of 22.6; 10.4; 5.0; 2.3; 2.1 and 1.6 g/plant, respectively, corresponding to 431; 198; 95; 44; 40 and 30 kg/ha of K, N, Ca, P, S and Mg, respectively. The decreasing order of nutrient accumulation in the fruits was K>N>P>S>Mg>Ca, with estimated values of 16.6; 8.4; 1.7; 0.8; 0.7 and 0.2 g/plant, respectively, which corresponded to an estimated total extraction of 315; 153; 32; 16; 14 and 3 kg/ha of K, N, P, S, Mg and Ca, respectively. In the last sampling, the greatest accumulation of N, P and K occurred in the fruits and Ca, S and Mg in the vegetative organs (stem + leaves).

摘要 本研究旨在明确有机栽培体系下‘Debora Victory’番茄的生长特性与养分吸收规律。试验设置9个采样时期，分别于移栽后2、32、46、60、77、91、109、122及137天进行（移栽后天数，Days After Transplantation，DAT）。末次采样时，植株地上部干重与鲜重累计分别可达550 g/株与9528 g/株。栽培周期结束时，植株干物质分配比例为果实占73%，叶片占16%，茎秆占11%。鲜果总产量估算值达154.7 t/ha。植株地上部养分积累量由高到低依次为钾（K）>氮（N）>钙（Ca）>磷（P）>硫（S）>镁（Mg），单株积累量分别为22.6、10.4、5.0、2.3、2.1及1.6 g/株，对应公顷尺度养分提取量分别为431、198、95、44、40及30 kg/ha，对应元素依次为K、N、Ca、P、S及Mg。果实内养分积累量由高到低依次为K>N>P>S>Mg>Ca，单株积累量分别为16.6、8.4、1.7、0.8、0.7及0.2 g/株，对应公顷尺度总养分提取量分别为315、153、32、16、14及3 kg/ha，对应元素依次为K、N、P、S、Mg及Ca。末次采样中，氮、磷、钾的最大积累量均集中于果实内，而钙、硫、镁则主要分布于营养器官（茎秆+叶片）。