DataSheet1_Status assessment and probabilistic health risk modeling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soil across China.pdf

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) accumulation in topsoil is getting particular concern with the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, while the overall pollution status and related risk posed by PAHs received limited attentions at the national scale. This study conducted an overview of published data on 16 priority control PAHs by USEPA on the related peer-reviewed 207 research papers between 2000 and 2020 in 30 provinces of China. Based on that, the pollution levels, composition status, spatial distribution pattern, ecological risk, and human health risk posed by soil PAHs were evaluated. Monte Carlo simulation was adopted to model the probabilistic health risk and identify the contributor of such risks. Results demonstrated the concentrations of ∑16PAHs in soil varied from “undetected” to 261 μg g−1 with a mean value of 0.63 μg g−1, indicating the obvious accumulation of PAHs in topsoil of most provinces in China compared with the guideline value (0.2 μg g−1). The concentrations of ∑16PAHs in surface soil of China has obvious regional characteristics. Higher concentrations of soil PAHs are mainly distributed in north, northwest, and eastern regions, especially in Xinjiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Sichuan, and Guangxi Province. Risk assessment indicates potential ecological and human health risk were posed by soil PAHs, therefore, reducing soil PAHs concentration and exposure frequency are the most effective pathways to protect human health. Despite the fact that risks posed by soil PAHs are generally low, concentrations of PAHs in some sites are relatively high. It is necessary to take effective measures to remediate soil PAHs pollution in certain areas to reduce concentration and associated risks.

随着城市化与工业化的快速推进，表层土壤中多环芳烃（Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon, PAH）的累积效应愈发受到关注，但全国尺度下PAHs的整体污染现状及其相关风险的研究却相对不足。本研究针对2000年至2020年间中国30个省份的207篇同行评议学术论文中，美国环境保护署（USEPA）优先管控的16种PAHs的公开数据开展了综述分析。在此基础上，本研究对土壤PAHs的污染水平、组成特征、空间分布格局、生态风险及人体健康风险开展了评估。本研究采用蒙特卡洛（Monte Carlo）模拟方法构建概率健康风险模型，并明确了该类风险的主要贡献源。研究结果显示，土壤中∑16PAHs的浓度范围为未检出至261 μg·g⁻¹，平均值为0.63 μg·g⁻¹；相较于0.2 μg·g⁻¹的标准限值，中国多数省份的表层土壤均存在明显的PAHs累积现象。中国表层土壤的∑16PAHs浓度呈现显著的区域分异特征，高浓度区域主要分布于华北、西北及华东地区，尤以新疆、山东、江苏、四川及广西壮族自治区为甚。风险评估结果表明，土壤PAHs存在潜在生态风险与人体健康风险，因此降低土壤PAHs浓度与暴露频次是保障人体健康的最有效途径。尽管土壤PAHs的整体风险普遍较低，但部分点位的PAHs浓度仍相对偏高。因此，需针对部分区域采取有效措施修复土壤PAHs污染，以降低其浓度及相关风险。