Essential elements of the base concept.

Hazardous material transportation problems have widely been studied in the past especially in the context of routing, scheduling, and network design problems. Yet, the combined hazardous material facility location-routing problem has not been studied adequately. We emphasize that locating a hazardous material facility is a rich process, and a good site can mitigate the potential transportation risk beforehand. A methodological framework is proposed which allows evaluation and ranking of potential sites based on hierarchical relationship utilities. The proposed method attempts to improve the risk functions and applies a stochastic analysis to measure the risk, which relaxes some assumptions in deterministic analysis, and is more realistic while avoiding overestimation of the risk. The study covers multi-objective optimization considering the decision-makers’ preferences on network segments and risk to the population and water bodies. Potential hazardous material facility sites’ rank is determined by the probability of optimality and one-to-one relationship utilities with the points of interests. Results show that the proposed stochastic analysis offers more flexibility to select and rank the potential sites.

危险品运输（Hazardous material transportation）问题在过往已得到广泛研究，尤其聚焦于路径规划、调度与网络设计类问题场景。然而，针对危险品设施选址-路径联合优化问题的研究仍不够充分。需强调的是，危险品设施选址是一项复杂严谨的流程，优质的选址可预先降低潜在的运输风险。本研究提出一套方法论框架，可基于层级关联效用对潜在选址方案开展评估与排序。所提方法旨在优化风险函数，并采用随机分析（stochastic analysis）方法测算风险——该方法放宽了确定性分析（deterministic analysis）中的部分假设，既更贴合实际场景，又可避免对风险的高估。本研究涵盖多目标优化（multi-objective optimization）问题，需考量决策者对网络路段的偏好，以及对人群与水体的风险影响。潜在危险品设施选址的排序，由最优性概率以及与兴趣点（points of interests）的一一对应关联效用共同决定。研究结果表明，所提随机分析方法可为潜在选址方案的遴选与排序提供更强的灵活性。