Data used in the study.

Introduction
Mentalization or reflective functioning (RF) is the capacity to interpret oneself or the others in terms of internal mental states. Its failures have been linked to several mental disorders and interventions improving RF have a therapeutic effect. Mentalizing capacity of the parents influences the children’s attachment. The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8) is a widely used tool for the assessment of RF. No instrument is available to assess general RF in Spanish-speaking samples. The aim of this study is to develop a Spanish version of the RFQ-8 and to evaluate its reliability and validity in the general population and in individuals with personality disorders.
Methods
602 non-clinical and 41 personality disordered participants completed a Spanish translation of the RFQ and a battery of self-reported questionnaires assessing several RF related constructs (alexithymia, perspective taking, identity diffusion and mindfulness), psychopathology (general and specific) and interpersonal problems. Temporal stability was tested in a non-clinical sub-sample of 113 participants.
Results
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a one-factor structure in the Spanish version of the RFQ-8. RFQ-8 understood as a single scale was tested, with low scorings reflecting genuine mentalizing, and high scorings uncertainty. The questionnaire showed good internal consistence in both samples and moderate temporal stability in non-clinical sample. RFQ correlated significantly with identity diffusion, alexithymia, and general psychopathology in both samples; and with mindfulness, perspective taking, and interpersonal problems in clinical sample. Mean values of the scale were significantly higher in the clinical group.
Discussion
This study provides evidence that the Spanish version of the RFQ-8, understood as a single scale, has an adequate reliability and validity assessing failures in reflective functioning (i.e., hypomentalization) in general population and personality disorders.

引言
心理化（Mentalization）或反思性功能（Reflective Functioning，RF）是指以内部心理状态解读自身或他人的能力。该能力的缺陷与多种精神障碍存在关联，而能够改善RF的干预手段均具有治疗效果。父母的心理化能力会影响子女的依恋模式。反思性功能问卷（Reflective Functioning Questionnaire，RFQ-8）是目前广泛用于评估RF的工具，但目前尚无适用于西班牙语人群的通用RF评估工具。本研究旨在开发RFQ-8的西班牙语版本，并在普通人群与人格障碍患者群体中评估其信度与效度。

方法
本研究共纳入602名非临床参与者与41名人格障碍患者，所有受试者均完成了RFQ的西班牙语译本，以及一系列自评问卷，用于评估多项与RF相关的构念（述情障碍、观点采择、身份弥散与正念）、精神病理学表现（总体与特异性）以及人际问题。随后，在113名非临床亚样本中检验了问卷的时间稳定性。

结果
探索性与验证性因素分析结果显示，西班牙语版RFQ-8具备单因子结构。本研究将RFQ-8作为单一量表进行检验，得分越低反映出真实的心理化能力越强，得分越高则代表不确定性越强。该问卷在两个样本中均表现出良好的内部一致性，在非临床样本中则具有中等程度的时间稳定性。在两个样本中，RFQ得分均与身份弥散、述情障碍以及总体精神病理学表现呈显著相关；在临床样本中，RFQ得分还与正念、观点采择以及人际问题显著相关。临床组的量表平均分显著高于非临床组。

讨论
本研究证实，作为单一量表的西班牙语版RFQ-8，在普通人群与人格障碍患者群体中评估反思性功能缺陷（即低心理化（hypomentalization））时，具备良好的信度与效度。