The overpressure and the change rate of flame.

Oil and gas gathering and transportation station is the core hub of oil and gas production, processing and transportation. Its safe operation is directly related to the stability of energy supply and the safety of personnel and property. To solve the problems of high explosion risk, limited overpressure attenuation and facilities vulnerable to explosion impact damage caused by rigid facilities in the oil and gas gathering and transportation station, based on the small-scale explosion experimental platform, this paper studies the space protection technology of flexible facilities, and discusses the gas explosion-proof effect of different sizes of flexible facilities in front of rigid facilities. The experimental results show that in most cases, the flame front velocity and flame explosion overpressure are positively correlated with the blockage rate of the flexible structure; When the blockage rate of flexible structure is less than or equal to the blockage rate of rigid structure, the flame velocity and explosion overpressure decrease with the decrease of the spacing, and the explosion protection effect is better; When the blockage rate of flexible structure is greater than the blockage rate of rigid structure, the smaller spacing may aggravate the explosion. The research results help to clarify the influence mechanism of flexible protective facilities on natural gas explosion pressure and flame characteristics, reveal the protection mechanism of flexible protective facilities on rigid facilities, and provide theoretical basis and scientific guidance for the protection layout design of rigid facilities and natural gas explosion protection technology in oil and gas gathering and transportation station.油气集输站是油气生产、加工与输送的核心枢纽，其安全运行直接关系到能源供应的稳定性以及人身与财产安全。针对当前油气集输站中刚性设施（rigid facilities）存在的爆炸风险高、超压衰减有限、设施易受爆炸冲击破坏等问题，本文基于小型爆炸实验平台开展柔性设施（flexible facilities）空间防护技术研究，探讨了刚性设施前方不同尺寸柔性设施的气体防爆效果。实验结果表明，多数场景下，火焰前锋速度与火焰爆炸超压与柔性结构的堵塞率（blockage rate）呈正相关；当柔性结构堵塞率小于等于刚性结构堵塞率时，火焰传播速度与爆炸超压随间距（spacing）减小而降低，防爆效果更佳；当柔性结构堵塞率大于刚性结构堵塞率时，更小的间距可能会加剧爆炸。本研究成果有助于厘清柔性防护设施对天然气爆炸压力与火焰特性的影响机制，揭示柔性防护设施对刚性设施的防护机理，可为油气集输站中刚性设施的防护布局设计以及天然气爆炸防护技术提供理论依据与科学指导。