CO2 capture from industrial point sources and further development of amine reclaimer waste handling by incineration and biological treatment, 2014

Since 2010 Tel-Tek has worked together with industry and research partners in a project which is divided into the following work packages: WP1 CO2 capture and energy integration, WP2 Amine waste analysis, WP3 Biological degradation of amine reclaimer waste, and WP4 NOx reduction potential of amine reclaimer waste. This project started in 2010 and ended in 2014.

WP1: The process simulation tools Aspen Hysys and Aspen Plus are used to investigate a monoethanolamine (MEA) based post combustion CO2 capture system for Hydro Aluminium's production plant in Sunndal. The scope of this project includes a CO2 content analysis, an energy analysis, and a CO2 capture rate analysis. The CO2 content and capture rate analysis are aimed at finding the optimal concentration of CO2 in Hydro Aluminium's process gas with respect to CO2 capture efficiency and specific reboiler duty.

WP2: The literature has been studied in order to see what have previously been done within the field chromatographic analysis of amine waste originating from a CO2 capture unit. It is well known that the amine used for capturing CO2 over time will be degraded due to reactions with impurities like NOx and SOx in the capture system. The degraded products are considered as hazardous waste according to Norwegian and EU regulations and needs to be treated in a responsible way. The composition of a degraded sample will vary depending on the type of process and operation condition.

WP3: Anaerobic biodegradation of carbon capture MEA waste is studied experimentally. A hybrid fluidized bed reactor system is constructed for this purpose.

WP4: This study investigates the possibility of using ARW as a potential liquid reduction agent for NOx emissions control through SNCR in industrial combustion processes, in particular in precalciner cement kiln systems, which are also well suited for burning organic hazardous wastes. Laboratory experiments with ammonia, MEA and ARW were carried out at the Technical University of Denmark, and the results were compared with those from full-scale tests with ammonia and MEA, carried out at the Norcem cement plant in Brevik, Norway. The goals of the project were threefold: 1) Find out to what extent ARW can be used for NOx reduction via SNCR, 2) Determine optimum process conditions for NOx reduction with ARW, and 3) Investigate limitations to the use of ARW in SNCR.

自2010年起，Tel-Tek便与行业及科研合作伙伴共同推进一项项目，该项目分为以下四个工作包（Work Package，简称WP）：WP1 二氧化碳捕集与能量集成、WP2 胺类废物分析、WP3 胺类回收器废物的生物降解、WP4 胺类回收器废物的氮氧化物（NOx）减排潜力。本项目于2010年启动，2014年结题。

WP1：采用流程模拟工具Aspen Hysys与Aspen Plus，针对海德鲁铝业（Hydro Aluminium）位于松恩达尔（Sunndal）的生产基地，研究基于单乙醇胺（monoethanolamine, MEA）的燃烧后二氧化碳捕集系统。本项目的研究范畴涵盖二氧化碳含量分析、能量分析与二氧化碳捕集率分析。其中二氧化碳含量与捕集率分析旨在结合二氧化碳捕集效率与特定再沸器热负荷，确定海德鲁铝业工艺气体中二氧化碳的最优浓度。

WP2：本研究通过文献调研，梳理当前针对二氧化碳捕集装置产生的胺类废物的色谱分析研究进展。众所周知，用于捕集二氧化碳的胺类溶剂会随使用时长，因与捕集系统内的氮氧化物、硫氧化物（SOx）等杂质发生反应而降解。根据挪威与欧盟相关法规，降解产物属于危险废物，需以合规且负责任的方式进行处置。降解样品的组分将随工艺类型与运行工况的差异而有所不同。

WP3：本研究通过实验手段探究碳捕集产生的MEA废物的厌氧生物降解特性，并为此搭建了一套复合流化床反应器系统。

WP4：本研究探讨了将胺类回收器废物（Amine Reclaimer Waste, ARW）用作液态还原剂，通过选择性非催化还原（Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction, SNCR）技术控制工业燃烧过程氮氧化物排放的可行性，尤其适用于同样适宜焚烧有机危险废物的水泥窑预分解炉系统。丹麦技术大学开展了以氨、MEA与ARW为对象的实验室实验，并将实验结果与挪威布雷维克（Brevik）的Norcem水泥厂采用氨与MEA进行的全规模测试结果进行对比。本项目的目标分为三点：1）明确ARW用于选择性非催化还原脱硝的适用范围；2）确定ARW用于氮氧化物减排的最优工艺工况；3）探究ARW应用于选择性非催化还原技术的局限性。