Population demographics.

The vertical jump (VJ) is one of the most important movements for basketball athletes and therefore determining modifiable predictors of the VJ would aid substantially in crafting more effective training regimens. The purpose of this study was to determine if isokinetic quadriceps strength and torque predict VJ height and which characteristics and testing speed is the strongest predictor of VJ height. Fifteen subjects (age: 18.5 ± 1.0 years, height: 195.9 ± 6.9 cm, weight: 96.2 ± 13.7 kg) from a single Division I men’s basketball team were recruited for this study. All participants performed a standing vertical jump with arm-swing to assess their maximum VJ height. Participants also completed an isokinetic knee extension strength protocol that included testing at multiple speeds. Pearson and Spearman tests found no significant correlation between jump height and peak torque at any of the speeds. Regression analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between time to peak torque at 300°/s and VJ height (R2 = 0.23, p = 0.04). These findings suggest that in a population of elite basketball players, the knee’s ability to rapidly generate torque likely plays a greater role in VJ performance than its ability to generate high magnitude of torque. This presents a potential benefit of explosive training regimens such as plyometrics for maximization of jump performance.

垂直纵跳（Vertical Jump, VJ）是篮球运动员最为重要的动作之一，明确该动作的可调控预测因子，将对制定更高效的训练方案起到显著助力。本研究旨在探究等速（isokinetic）股四头肌（quadriceps）力量与扭矩（torque）能否预测纵跳高度，以及何种特征与测试速度是纵跳高度的最强预测因子。本研究招募了某支NCAA一级联盟男子篮球队的15名受试者，其年龄为18.5±1.0岁，身高195.9±6.9cm，体重96.2±13.7kg。所有受试者均完成带摆臂动作的站立式纵跳测试，以获取其最大纵跳高度。受试者同时完成等速膝关节伸肌力量测试方案，该方案涵盖多种测试速度。皮尔逊（Pearson）与斯皮尔曼（Spearman）相关性分析结果显示，各测试速度下的峰值扭矩与纵跳高度均无显著相关性。回归分析结果表明，300°/s速度下的扭矩达峰时间与纵跳高度存在统计学意义上的显著关联（R²=0.23，p=0.04）。本研究结果提示，在精英篮球运动员群体中，膝关节快速产生扭矩的能力，相较于其产生高幅值扭矩的能力，对纵跳表现的影响更为显著。这一发现为采用超等长训练（Plyometrics）等爆发力训练方案以最大化纵跳表现提供了潜在依据。