Data from: Carry-over effect of leguminous winter cover crops and living mulches on winter wheat as a second main crop following white cabbage

Background: In trials on two strategies for the integration of legumes in a vegetable crop rotation (leguminous winter cover crops and living mulches), data were collected on the two subsequent crops white cabbage and winter wheat. The data on biomass and soil mineral nitrogen content are made publicly available here. Abstract: The direct effect of winter cover crops (WCC) or living mulches (LM) on a first vegetable crop has already been investigated. However, little is known about the effect on growth and yield of a second cash crop. The aim of the study was to assess the carry-over effect of legumes grown as WCC or LM on winter wheat as a second crop after cabbage measured in yield and nitrogen release. Two field trials were carried out in Germany between 2019 and 2022. In the WCC trial rye, rye with vetch, vetch, pea and faba bean were used as WCC and compared to bare soil. The WCC biomass was incorporated before cabbage planting in late spring. For the LM trial, perennial ryegrass or white clover were used as LM during cabbage cultivation and compared to bare soil. The LM biomass was incorporated together with the cabbage residues (STU/STT) and compared to an early incorporation of LM biomass before cabbage planting (RT). Winter wheat in both trials was seeded as the second main crop in the rotation in the fall.研究背景：针对蔬菜轮作中豆科作物整合的两种策略——豆科冬季覆盖作物（leguminous winter cover crops）与活体覆盖作物（living mulches），本研究针对其后茬作物结球甘蓝（white cabbage）与冬小麦（winter wheat）收集了相关观测数据。本次公开数据集包含生物量与土壤矿质氮含量相关的试验数据。 研究摘要：冬季覆盖作物（winter cover crops, WCC）或活体覆盖作物（living mulches, LM）对首茬蔬菜作物的直接影响已有相关研究，但目前针对其对后茬经济作物生长与产量的影响仍缺乏足够认知。本研究旨在评估以豆科作物作为冬季覆盖作物或活体覆盖作物时，对结球甘蓝后茬冬小麦的遗留效应，该效应通过产量与氮素释放量进行量化评价。研究于2019年至2022年间在德国开展两项田间试验： 冬季覆盖作物试验：设置黑麦、黑麦与箭舌豌豆混播、箭舌豌豆、豌豆及蚕豆作为冬季覆盖作物的处理组，以裸土作为空白对照；冬季覆盖作物的生物量于晚春结球甘蓝定植前翻压还田。 活体覆盖作物试验：设置多年生黑麦草与白三叶作为结球甘蓝生育期内的活体覆盖作物的处理组，同样以裸土作为空白对照；该试验设置两种还田模式：将活体覆盖作物生物量与结球甘蓝残体一同翻压（STU/STT），以及在结球甘蓝定植前提前翻压活体覆盖作物生物量（RT），并对两种模式进行对比。 两项试验中的冬小麦均作为轮作体系中的第二主栽作物于秋季播种。