Supplementary Material for: Alternate-Form Reliability of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Screening Test in a Clinical Setting

<b><i>Aims:</i></b> The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has gained recognition for its validity in detecting cognitive impairment in several clinical populations. For serial assessments, alternate forms are needed to overcome possible practice effects. Our objective was to investigate the reliability of two German MoCA alternate forms for longitudinal assessment applications. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The original and one of two alternate forms of the MoCA were administered within a 60-min interval of a clinical interview in a counterbalanced order to 100 healthy elderly controls, 30 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 30 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The diagnosis of the majority of patients was supported by in vivo AD pathology biomarkers. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There was a strong correlation between the alternate forms and the original MoCA in all groups, but particularly in the clinical samples. Total mean scores did not differ significantly between the MoCA versions, even taking into account the presentation order. As in previous studies, age and education influenced performance in the MoCA. The same pattern of group differences (controls &gt; MCI &gt; AD) was observed for each of the versions. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> All three forms can be reliably and interchangeably used in serial cognitive assessment, confirming the MoCA’s applicability in research and clinical longitudinal approaches.

**研究目的**：蒙特利尔认知评估量表（Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA）因其在多种临床人群中检测认知障碍的有效性而获得广泛认可。对于系列认知评估而言，需使用复本以规避可能出现的练习效应。本研究旨在探讨两种德语版MoCA复本用于纵向评估的可靠性。
**研究方法**：本研究以100名健康老年对照者、30名轻度认知障碍（mild cognitive impairment, MCI）患者及30名阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease, AD）患者为研究对象，在临床访谈间隔60分钟内，以平衡顺序施测MoCA原版及两种复本中的一种。多数患者的诊断得到了体内AD病理生物标志物的支持。
**研究结果**：所有组别中，MoCA复本与原版得分均呈强相关性，其中临床样本组的相关性尤为显著。即便考虑施测顺序，不同MoCA版本的总平均得分均无显著差异。与既往研究一致，年龄与受教育程度会影响MoCA的测评表现。各版本均呈现一致的组间差异模式：健康对照者＞轻度认知障碍患者＞阿尔茨海默病患者。
**研究结论**：三种MoCA版本均可可靠且互换地用于系列认知评估，证实了该量表在研究及临床纵向研究中的适用性。