SUPPLEMENTATION OF NUTRIENTS FOR TABLE BEETS BY IRRIGATION WITH TREATED DAIRY EFFLUENT

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional status of table beet plants cultivated in a greenhouse irrigated with treated dairy effluent at different irrigation depths. The experimental design used was a randomized block in a 3 x 3 + 1 factorial arrangement with four replications and conducted in a greenhouse. The treatments consisted of three types of water sources and three irrigation depths applied by drip irrigation: anaerobic effluent; anaerobic/aerobic effluent; tap water, and irrigation for replenishment 50; 100 and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc). All these treatments were applied in combination with 50% of the recommended nitrogen fertilization for the table beet cultivation. A control treatment was irrigated with tap water with irrigation depth equal to 100% ETc and received the complete dose (100%) of mineral nitrogen fertilizer. Table beet seedlings were arranged in 40 fiberglass boxes with a base area of 1 m2. Table beets were harvested 72 days after transplanting (DAT) when the leaves and roots were analyzed. Irrigation with wastewater promoted appropriate levels of macronutrients, distributed between the leaves and roots. The sodium was increased significantly in the leaves and roots of table beets in effluent treatments at increasing irrigation depths, which was antagonistic to the absorption of potassium.

摘要：本研究旨在评估采用不同灌溉深度、以经处理的乳品废水灌溉的温室栽培食用甜菜的营养状况。本试验采用随机区组3×3+1因子组合设计，设置四次重复，于温室中开展。试验处理包含3种水源与3种滴灌灌溉深度：水源分别为厌氧处理乳品废水、厌氧/好氧联合处理乳品废水及自来水；灌溉深度分别为作物蒸发蒸腾量（ETc）的50%、100%与150%。所有上述处理均配合施用食用甜菜栽培推荐施氮量的50%。设置1个对照处理，采用自来水灌溉，灌溉深度为100% ETc，并施用全量（100%）矿质氮肥。食用甜菜幼苗定植于40个底面积为1㎡的玻璃钢栽培箱中。于移栽后72天（DAT）收获食用甜菜，对其叶片与根系进行指标分析。采用废水灌溉可使叶片与根系中的大量营养元素维持在适宜水平。随着灌溉深度增加，废水灌溉处理组食用甜菜叶片与根系中的钠含量显著升高，且该现象与钾元素的吸收存在拮抗作用。