Precariedade ocupacional: uma questão de gênero e raça

abstract In Brazil, most precarious jobs are performed by blacks and by women. Despite the good performance of the labor market until 2013, great disparities remained between blacks and whites, as well as between men and women. Because the effects of the current economic crisis on the labor market penalize above all the most vulnerable segments, this article aims to verify whether the issue of race and gender contributes to the reproduction of precariousness. It may be inferred that a consistent strategy to reduce such inequalities requires a combination of policies to, on the one hand, create jobs, shrink the informal economy and increase income, and on the other, to promote racial and gender equality in the labor market.

【摘要】在巴西，绝大多数不稳定就业岗位由黑人群体与女性群体承担。尽管截至2013年巴西劳动力市场整体表现向好，但黑人群体与白人、男性与女性之间仍存在显著的就业差距。鉴于当前经济危机对劳动力市场的冲击尤其集中于最弱势群体，本文旨在验证种族与性别因素是否会推动不稳定就业状态的再生产。由此可推知，若要切实缩小此类就业不平等，需推行组合型政策：一方面通过创造就业岗位、压缩非正规经济规模与提高收入来优化就业环境，另一方面则需在劳动力市场中推进种族与性别平等。