Factors associated with smoking cessation

OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with smoking abstinence among patients who were treated in a reference unit for smoking cessation.METHODS This cross-sectional study examined the medical records of 532 patients treated in a reference unit for smoking cessation in Belém, PA, Northern Brazil, between January 2010 and June 2012. Sociodemographic variables and those related to smoking history and treatment were analyzed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 50 years; 57.0% of the patients were women. The mean tobacco load was 30 packs/year, and the mean smoking duration was approximately 32 years. Most patients remained in treatment for four months. The rate of smoking abstinence was 75.0%. Regression analysis indicated that maintenance therapy, absence of relapse triggers, and lower chemical dependence were significantly associated with smoking cessation.CONCLUSIONS The smoking abstinence rate observed was 75.0%. The cessation process was associated with several aspects, including the degree of chemical dependence, symptoms of withdrawal, and period of patient follow-up in a multidisciplinary treatment program. Studies of this nature contribute to the collection of consistent epidemiological data and are essential for the implementation of effective smoking prevention and cessation strategies.

研究目的：探讨巴西北部帕拉州贝伦市某区域戒烟参考门诊收治患者的吸烟戒断率及其相关影响因素。
研究方法：本横断面研究纳入2010年1月至2012年6月期间，该门诊收治的532例患者的病历资料开展分析。研究收集了社会人口学变量、吸烟相关病史及治疗相关变量等数据，并设定p<0.05为统计学差异显著性阈值。
研究结果：研究对象的平均年龄为50岁，其中女性患者占比57.0%；平均吸烟包年数为30包·年，平均吸烟时长约32年。多数患者的治疗持续时长为4个月，整体吸烟戒断率为75.0%。回归分析结果显示，维持治疗、无复吸触发因素以及较低的化学依赖程度与成功戒烟显著相关。
研究结论：本研究观测到的吸烟戒断率为75.0%。戒烟过程与多项因素相关，包括化学依赖程度、戒断症状表现以及患者在多学科治疗项目中的随访时长。此类研究有助于积累可靠的流行病学数据，对于制定有效的吸烟预防与戒烟干预策略至关重要。