Isolation and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Enterobacteria from Nestling Grey-Breasted Parakeets (Pyrrhura Griseipectus)

ABSTRACT The psittacine Pyrrhura griseipectus is a threatened species currently only found in Ceará State, Brazil. A microbiological survey was conducted to determine the composition of the enteric microbiota of this species, as well as the phenotypic profiles of antimicrobial susceptibility presented by the isolates. Cloacal swabs were collected from individual birds and submitted to microbiological processing. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were evaluated using the disk diffusion method. Bacteria of the genus Escherichia, Proteus, Citrobacter, Pantoea, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Morganella, Hafnia, Enterobacter, and Serratia were isolated. The most frequently isolated species were Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris, corresponding to 36.1%, 26.4%, and 8.3%, respectively. Isolates were more frequently resistant to azithromycin and tetracycline, while Escherichia coli was the main species presenting multidrug resistance. In conclusion, free-living grey-breasted parakeets may harbor enterobacteria with high antimicrobial resistance rates.

摘要
灰胸锥尾鹦鹉（Pyrrhura griseipectus）是一种受威胁物种，目前仅分布于巴西塞阿拉州。本研究开展微生物学调查，旨在明确该物种的肠道菌群组成，以及分离株所呈现的抗菌药物敏感性表型特征。研究人员从个体鹦鹉采集泄殖腔拭子，并进行微生物学处理。采用纸片扩散法对抗菌药物敏感性谱进行评估。分离得到的细菌隶属于埃希菌属（Escherichia）、变形杆菌属（Proteus）、柠檬酸杆菌属（Citrobacter）、泛菌属（Pantoea）、克雷伯菌属（Klebsiella）、肠杆菌属（Enterobacter）、摩根菌属（Morganella）、哈夫尼菌属（Hafnia）、肠杆菌属（Enterobacter）以及沙雷菌属（Serratia）。分离率最高的菌种为大肠埃希菌（Escherichia coli）、奇异变形杆菌（Proteus mirabilis）和普通变形杆菌（Proteus vulgaris），占比分别为36.1%、26.4%和8.3%。分离株对阿奇霉素（azithromycin）和四环素（tetracycline）的耐药率较高，而大肠埃希菌是呈现多重耐药性的主要菌种。综上，野生灰胸锥尾鹦鹉可能携带抗菌药物耐药率较高的肠杆菌类细菌。