One-Step Synthesis of Complex Nitrogen Heterocycles from Imines and Alkyl-Substituted Maleic Anhydrides

Substituted maleic anhydrides react with imines to form polycyclic lactam products. Diastereoselectivity can be controlled by altering the reaction conditions in some cases, and regiochemistry is dictated by the structure of the allylic substituents on the anhydride. Cyclic imines, including dihydro-β-carbolines and dihydroisoquinolines, exhibit the highest level of reactivity in these new annulation reactions.

取代马来酸酐（substituted maleic anhydrides）与亚胺（imines）反应生成多环内酰胺（polycyclic lactam）产物。部分情况下可通过调整反应条件控制非对映选择性（diastereoselectivity），区域选择性则由酸酐上的烯丙基取代基（allylic substituents）结构决定。包括二氢-β-咔啉（dihydro-β-carbolines）与二氢异喹啉（dihydroisoquinolines）在内的环亚胺（cyclic imines），在这类新型环化反应（annulation reactions）中展现出最高的反应活性。