Data_Sheet_1_Dual Task Effects on Speed and Accuracy During Cognitive and Upper Limb Motor Tasks in Adults With Stroke Hemiparesis.XLSX

BackgroundAdults with stroke need to perform cognitive–motor dual tasks during their day-to-day activities. However, they face several challenges owing to their impaired motor and cognitive functions.
ObjectiveThis case-controlled pilot study investigates the speed and accuracy tradeoffs in adults with stroke while performing cognitive–upper limb motor dual tasks.
MethodsTen adults with stroke and seven similar-aged controls participated in this study. The participants used a robotic arm for the single motor task and participated in either the serial sevens (S7) or the controlled oral word association test (COWAT) for single-cognitive task. For the dual task, the participants performed the motor and cognitive components simultaneously. Their speed and accuracy were measured for the motor and cognitive tasks, respectively.
ResultsTwo-sample t-statistics indicated that the participants with stroke exhibited a lower motor accuracy in the cross task than in the circle task. The cognitive speed and motor accuracy registered by the subjects with stroke in the dual task significantly decreased. There was a negative linear correlation between motor speed and accuracy in the subjects with stroke when the COWAT task was performed in conjunction with the cross task (ρ = −0.6922, p = 0.0388).
ConclusionsThis study proves the existence of cognitive–upper limb motor interference in adults with stroke while performing dual tasks, based on the observation that their performance during one or both dual tasks deteriorated compared to that during the single task. Both speed and accuracy were complementary parameters that may indicate clinical effectiveness in motor and cognitive outcomes in individuals with stroke.

背景 脑卒中成年患者在日常活动中需完成认知-运动双任务（cognitive–motor dual tasks）。然而，由于其运动与认知功能受损，这类患者会面临诸多挑战。
研究目的 本病例对照预实验旨在探究脑卒中成年患者完成认知-上肢运动双任务（cognitive–upper limb motor dual tasks）时的速度与准确率权衡关系。
研究方法 本研究共纳入10名脑卒中成年患者与7名年龄匹配的健康对照者。受试者完成单运动任务时使用机械臂（robotic arm），单认知任务则从连续减7（serial sevens, S7）与受控口语词语联想测试（controlled oral word association test, COWAT）中任选其一。双任务条件下，受试者需同时完成运动与认知任务模块，分别记录运动任务与认知任务的速度与准确率。
研究结果 两样本t检验（two-sample t-statistics）结果显示，脑卒中患者在十字任务（cross task）中的运动准确率低于圆形任务（circle task）。双任务条件下，脑卒中患者测得的认知速度与运动准确率均显著下降。当COWAT测试与十字任务结合进行时，脑卒中患者的运动速度与准确率呈显著负线性相关（ρ = -0.6922，p = 0.0388）。
研究结论 本研究通过观察脑卒中成年患者在单任务与双任务中的表现变化（一项或两项双任务的成绩均较单任务时下降），证实了其在完成双任务时存在认知-上肢运动干扰（cognitive–upper limb motor interference）现象。速度与准确率均为互补性参数，可用于反映脑卒中患者运动与认知结局（motor and cognitive outcomes）的临床有效性。