Mosquito pathogen status (DP1.10041.001)

This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data derived from NEON's mosquito pathogen testing. Products resulting from this sampling include pathogen test results of mosquito pools derived from identified mosquitoes collected during NEON mosquito sampling. See NEON Data Product Mosquitoes sampled from CO2 traps (DP1.10043.001) for data on the abundance and diversity of mosquitoes collected at NEON sites. Following collection, samples are sent to a professional taxonomist where a subsample of the catch generated from each trap is identified to species and sex. A subset of positively-identified mosquitoes are later processed for pathogen testing. Only female mosquitoes identified to the species-level and captured in sufficient quantity over a season from likely vector species are eligible for pathogen testing. Mosquitoes that meet pathogen-testing criteria collected within the same site and sampling bout are homogenized into a large pool of female conspecifics and then subdivided into testing vials of appropriate pool sizes for pathogen testing. Each vial is tested one or more times using a variety of methods which may include RT-PCR, Vero cell culture, and melt curve assays. These methods vary in target specificity, from general (e.g., Vero cell culture) to specific viral species (e.g., RT-PCR). Most pools of mosquitoes are negative because pathogens are rare; when pools are determined to be positive for any virus, the identity(ies) of the virus(es) are determined to the species-level, if possible. Test results yield data on the presence of important mosquito pathogens (e.g., West Nile virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, etc) in a subset of species that are known vectors of disease. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

mos_pathogenpooling: 360

mos_pathogenresults: 360

本数据产品包含经质量管控的原生采样分辨率数据，其源自美国国家生态观测站网络（NEON, National Ecological Observatory Network）开展的蚊虫病原体检测项目。
本次采样生成的成果包含：由NEON蚊虫采样项目中捕获并经物种鉴定的蚊虫所组成的蚊虫混合样本的病原体检测结果。如需了解NEON监测点位捕获蚊虫的丰度与多样性数据，请参考NEON数据产品《二氧化碳诱捕器采集蚊虫》（DP1.10043.001）。
采样完成后，样本将被送至专业分类学家处，由其对每个诱捕器捕获的子样本进行物种与性别鉴定。随后将选取部分经准确鉴定的蚊虫样本开展病原体检测。仅符合以下全部条件的蚊虫方可进入病原体检测流程：经物种水平精准鉴定、为雌性、在一个监测季内捕获量充足且属于潜在媒介物种。
将同一监测点位、同一次采样中符合病原体检测标准的雌性同种蚊虫进行均质化处理，制成大体积混合样本，随后分装至适配样本量的检测瓶中用于病原体检测。每个检测瓶将采用多种检测方法开展一次或多次检测，检测手段可包括实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）、Vero细胞培养法以及熔解曲线分析法。各类检测方法的靶标特异性存在差异，覆盖范围从广谱检测（如Vero细胞培养法）到针对特定病毒物种的精准检测（如RT-PCR）。
由于病原体天然存在率较低，绝大多数蚊虫混合样本的检测结果为阴性；若某混合样本被检出携带任意病毒，则将尽可能对该病毒进行物种水平的鉴定。本次检测结果将提供已知疾病媒介蚊虫类群中，重要蚊媒病原体（如西尼罗河病毒、东部马脑炎病毒等）的检出数据。如需获取更多细节，请参阅本数据产品详情网页中「文档」板块所列的用户指南、实验方案与科学设计说明。

数据延迟周期：
下载数据包内各数据表的预期发布周期（即从野外数据/样本采集至数据正式发布的时长，单位：天）如下。如需了解更多信息，请参阅《数据产品用户指南》。
mos_pathogenpooling：360天
mos_pathogenresults：360天