Temporal Entanglement Points (TEPs) Reveal Population Vulnerability Points in SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Evolution Across the Pandemic Span 2020 - 2025

This radial plot visualizes SARS-CoV-2 lineage persistence as continuous trajectories across years, with each lineage colored by its origin year. The most densely intersecting regions are labeled <b>Temporal Entanglement Points (TEPs)</b> are marked as red (top 7) and black (top 3) dots, representing zones of maximal evolutionary turbulence and population vulnerability. These TEPs correlate with therapeutic failure hotspots, where immune escape constellations are most likely to emerge. Unlike tree-based or frequency-based tools, this visualization reveals the <i>spatial-temporal topology</i> of viral evolution not just what variants exist, but how they interact, persist, and transform over time.

本径向图（radial plot）可视化呈现了严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）各谱系在跨年度尺度下的存续状态，以各谱系的起源年份作为配色依据。区域交汇最为密集的区域被标记为**时间纠缠点（Temporal Entanglement Points，TEPs）**，其中排名前7的以红点标注，排名前3的以黑点标注，此类区域代表进化动荡程度最高且病毒种群易感性最强的地带。此类时间纠缠点与治疗失败热点区域存在显著相关性，免疫逃逸突变组合最易在此类区域中出现。与基于系统发育树或频率的分析工具不同，本可视化图不仅展示了现有病毒变异株的种类，更揭示了病毒进化的*时空拓扑结构（spatial-temporal topology）*，不仅阐明了存在哪些变异株，更解析了它们如何相互作用、持续存续并随时间发生演化。