MACH hydrometeorological dataset for 1,014 catchments in the United States

This dataset contains daily climate data along with catchment attributes for 1,014 watersheds within the United States. Climate forcing data includes precipitation, minimum air temperature, maximum air temperature, mean air temperature, snow water equivalent, shortwave radiation, water vapor pressure, day length, potential evapotranspiration, and actual evapotranspiration. Hydrological data includes daily observed streamflow. Data coverage spans from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2023. Catchment attribute categories are land cover, hydrology, geology, soil, regional, climate indices, and anthropogenic. MOPEX data is also included for 395 of the watersheds for January 1, 1948 to December 31, 1979 for precipitation, minimum and maximum air temperature, and observed streamflow. Basin identifiers are consist with the MOPEX and CAMELS datasets, based on USGS stream gauging stations. Version 2.0 changes (from Version 1.0) and Version 3 Attributes (site_info.csv): basin 06188000 state abbreviation corrected (MY to WY) Attributes (site_info.csv): basin 06191500 state abbreviation corrected (MY to MT) Attributes (soil_ssurgo.csv): additional soil data added, curated using SSURGO database Attributes (discharge_mopex.csv): added in missing 1948 column, count remains the same MOPEX_ts: csv file for 0163400 data ended 2/15/1967, added missing data MACH_ts: reformatted date column in files to date type, some reading as character. README: updated to include the soil_ssurgo.csv attributes (Version 3) <--- missing from Version 2.0, only change for Version v3 Paper describing the dataset and methods is currently under review. Desktop application: MACH Explorer (Windows executable) available at https://github.com/k-sink/MACHexplorer under releases. This application requires the full_dataset.duckdb file, also available under releases.本数据集涵盖美国境内1014个流域的逐日气候数据与流域属性（catchment attributes）。其中，气候强迫数据包含降水量、最低气温、最高气温、平均气温、雪水当量、短波辐射、水汽压、昼长、潜在蒸散发（potential evapotranspiration）与实际蒸散发（actual evapotranspiration）；水文数据包含逐日实测径流（streamflow）。数据时间跨度为1980年1月1日至2023年12月31日。 流域属性类别涵盖土地覆被、水文特征、地质、土壤、区域特征、气候指数与人为影响因子。针对其中395个流域，本数据集还纳入了1948年1月1日至1979年12月31日期间的MOPEX数据集相关数据，具体包括降水量、最低与最高气温以及实测径流。流域标识符与基于美国地质调查局（USGS）水文测站的MOPEX及CAMELS数据集保持一致。 ### 版本2.0（相较于版本1.0）与版本3更新内容： 1. **site_info.csv属性文件**：修正了流域06188000的州缩写（原MY更正为WY） 2. **site_info.csv属性文件**：修正了流域06191500的州缩写（原MY更正为MT） 3. **soil_ssurgo.csv属性文件**：新增额外土壤数据，该数据基于SSURGO数据库整理完成 4. **discharge_mopex.csv属性文件**：补充缺失的1948年列，数据总量保持不变 5. **MOPEX_ts**：原流域0163400的CSV数据截止至1967年2月15日，现已补充完整缺失数据 6. **MACH_ts**：将文件中的日期列重新格式化为日期类型，修复了部分列被误识别为字符型的问题 7. **README文档**：更新内容以纳入soil_ssurgo.csv的属性说明（该部分在版本2.0中缺失，为版本3的唯一更新项） 本数据集及相关研究方法的学术论文目前处于审稿阶段。 桌面应用程序：MACH Explorer（Windows可执行文件）可从https://github.com/k-sink/MACHexplorer的发布页面获取，该应用需依赖full_dataset.duckdb文件，该文件同样可在该项目的发布页面下载。