"Table 101" of "Properties of jet fragmentation using charged particles measured with the ATLAS detector in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV"

CERN-LHC. This paper presents a measurement of quantities related to the formation of jets from high energy quarks and gluons (fragmentation). Jets with $100$ GeV $ 500$ MeV~and $|\eta| < 2.5$~are used to probe the detailed structure of the jet. The fragmentation properties of the more forward and the more central of the leading two jets from each event are studied. The data are unfolded to correct for detector resolution and acceptance effects. Comparisons to parton shower Monte Carlo generators indicate that existing models provide a reasonable description of the data across a wide range of phase space, but there are also significant differences. Furthermore, the data are interpreted in the context of quark- and gluon-initiated jets by exploiting the rapidity dependence of the jet flavor fraction. A first measurement of the charged-particle multiplicity using model-independent jet labels (topic modeling) provides a promising alternative to traditional quark- and gluon- extractions using simulation input. The simulations provide a reasonable description of the quark-like data across the jet $p_\text{T}$ range presented in this measurement, but the gluon-like data have systematically fewer charged particles than the simulations. Uncertainties are broken down by category and should be treated as fully correlated between bins and between observables except for statistical uncertainties.

欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机（CERN-LHC）。本文报道了一项针对高能夸克与胶子演化形成喷注（碎裂过程）相关物理量的测量研究。选取横动量$p_ ext{T}$介于100 GeV至500 GeV之间、赝快度$|eta| < 2.5$的喷注，用于探究喷注的精细结构。本研究针对每个事件中动量最高的两喷注里，更靠近向前快度区与更靠近中心快度区的喷注的碎裂特性展开分析。对实验数据进行去折叠处理，以校正探测器分辨与接收度效应带来的系统偏差。与部分子喷注蒙特卡洛（Monte Carlo, MC）发生器的对比结果显示，现有模型可在较宽相空间范围内合理描述实验数据，但二者间仍存在显著差异。此外，通过利用喷注味组分的快度依赖性，本研究将实验数据纳入夸克起源与胶子起源喷注的分析框架进行解读。首次采用与模型无关的喷注标签（主题建模，topic modeling）方法测量带电粒子多重数，为传统依赖模拟输入提取夸克与胶子喷注组分的方案提供了极具潜力的替代途径。蒙特卡洛模拟可在本次测量给出的喷注横动量区间内合理描述类夸克喷注数据，但类胶子喷注的带电粒子多重数系统性低于模拟结果。不确定度按类别拆分，除统计不确定度外，各分箱区间与各观测量间的不确定度均视为完全相关。