Performance-based design / code - fire engineering

Performance based codes as, with a performance of fire safety engineering, design fire scenario’s and design strategies. Performance based codes approach - how a building could see the fire extinguishing in case of fire. The expertise of having the performance based design (PBD) is quite accountable while having a design from prescriptive. Performance based design evaluate how building systems are having their system strategies in conditions, with hazards available. Performance objectives are the acceptable risk of level(s) of countable damage and the losses that occur as a result of this damage. The performance based design objectives are specific and with a strategy in a building, such as safe people during evacuation. The performance approach is, in essence, the practice of thinking and working in terms of ends rather than means. And concerned with what a building or building product is required to do. Performance-based design attributes as an engineering of fire protection based on a. fire safety in the building b. design basis of the building and c. engineering analysis. Evaluating and documenting performance based design seeks the criteria of design(s), and if criteria’s of design change after detailed, it may require a modification. Standards & codes of fire are intended to ensure the health, safety and well-being of people in buildings, to address means of egress, fire safety, hazard identification etc. The model employed in performance-based codes focuses on design outcomes. In other words, a performance based code - approach would identify and quantify the level of damage that is acceptable during and after a fire (design fire scenarios), earthquake or other event(s). The current prescriptive code focuses on solutions that achieve a countable outcome. The difficulty is that the outcome is unclear. Therefore, when a design is proposed that is different from the prescriptive code, it is often difficult to determine whether the approach will be equivalent. There may be other more appropriate and innovative solutions available.

性能化规范（Performance-based codes）依托消防安全工程（fire safety engineering），涵盖设计火灾场景（design fire scenarios）与设计策略。性能化规范的核心思路是阐述建筑物在火灾发生时的灭火表现。相较于现行指令性规范（prescriptive code）下的设计方案，性能化设计（Performance-based design, PBD）的专业合理性与工程价值更为显著。性能化设计会评估建筑系统在既定危险条件下的系统策略运行情况。性能目标指可量化损害对应的可接受风险等级，以及由此类损害引发的各类损失。性能化设计目标具备明确性，且与建筑内的应对策略紧密绑定，例如保障人员在疏散过程中的安全。本质而言，性能化设计思路是以目标为导向而非以手段为导向，核心关注建筑物或建筑产品所需达成的功能要求。性能化设计依托消防安全工程，涵盖三大维度：a. 建筑消防安全；b. 建筑设计基础；c. 工程分析（engineering analysis）。对性能化设计进行评估并编制设计文档时，需遵循设计准则；若在细化设计阶段后设计准则发生变更，则可能需要对设计方案进行调整。消防相关标准与规范的制定初衷，是保障建筑物内人员的健康、安全与福祉，涵盖疏散通道（means of egress）、消防安全、危险源识别（hazard identification）等诸多领域。性能化规范所采用的分析模型，聚焦于设计成果本身。换言之，性能化规范思路会明确并量化火灾、地震或其他灾害发生期间及发生后可接受的损害等级，其中火灾场景特指设计火灾场景（design fire scenarios）。现行指令性规范则聚焦于可达成既定结果的解决方案，但其弊端在于结果本身往往缺乏明确性。因此，当提出的设计方案与指令性规范不符时，通常难以判定该方案是否等效，此时或许存在更为适配且具备创新性的替代方案。