Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of Huangshan Black chicken (Gallus gallus)

In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the Huangshan Black chicken (HBC). Results showed that the complete HBC mitogenome was 16,785 bp in size, comprising 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and 1 non-coding control region (D-loop). The overall nucleotide composition was 32.5% for C, 30.3% for A, 23.7% for T, and 24 13.5% for G. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the HBC mitogenome was clustered with Xianju chicken, which belonged to the haplogroup D2. Our results therefore demonstrate that the origin of HBC corresponds to haplogroup D2 distribution and might have at least one maternal lineage originated from Southeast Asia.

本研究对黄山黑鸡（Huangshan Black chicken, HBC）的完整线粒体基因组（mitochondrial genome，简称mitogenome）进行了测序。结果显示，黄山黑鸡完整线粒体基因组全长16785 bp，包含22个转运RNA（transfer RNA, tRNA）基因、2个核糖体RNA（ribosomal RNA, rRNA）基因、13个蛋白质编码基因以及1个非编码控制区（D-loop）。全基因组核苷酸组成分别为：胞嘧啶（C）32.5%、腺嘌呤（A）30.3%、胸腺嘧啶（T）23.7%以及鸟嘌呤（G）13.5%。系统发育分析结果表明，黄山黑鸡线粒体基因组与仙居鸡聚为一支，隶属于单倍群D2。综上，本研究结果证实黄山黑鸡的起源与单倍群D2的分布特征相契合，且其至少存在一个源自东南亚的母系谱系。