The International Cooperative Programme on Integrated Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Ecosystems (ICP IM)

The International Cooperative Programme on Integrated Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Ecosystems (ICP IM) presents a comprehensive long-term dataset of ongoing integrated ecosystem monitoring from European forested catchments. The dataset encompasses measurements from monitoring stations across 14 European countries, with temporal coverage extending for most sites from the 1990s to 2020. The dataset will be updated with new data once per year. The integrated monitoring approach applies over multiple monitoring subprogrammes to simultaneously measure physical, chemical, and biological properties across ecosystem compartments including atmosphere, precipitation, throughfall, soil, soil water, groundwater, runoff water, vegetation, and biota. All measurements follow standardised protocols detailed in the ICP IM Manual, ensuring data quality and comparability across sites and time periods. The dataset supports research on ecosystem responses to air pollution, climate change impacts, and biogeochemical cycling.

Data is provided by sub-programme (all sites and all years with data in one file), geographic co-ordinates for sites are available in a separate file. Historical data from inactive sites in Belarus, Denmark, Iceland and the United Kingdom are currently available by request, as is data from Finland in sub-programmes TF,SF,SC,SW,FC,LF,FD,VG,EP and BV, and data from Poland. The monitoring is done under the framework of the UN Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) and also has an important role in reporting under the EU national emissions ceiling directive (NECD). Users are strongly encouraged to refer to the ICP IM Monitoring Manual which describes in detail the methods used to make measurements in the field and the laboratory, the data formats used, explanations of column headers and flags used in all subprogrammes and example files. This is provided alongside the data.

空气污染对生态系统影响综合监测国际合作计划（International Cooperative Programme on Integrated Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Ecosystems，简称ICP IM）发布了一套覆盖欧洲森林集水区的长期综合生态监测综合数据集。该数据集纳入了来自14个欧洲国家监测站的观测数据，多数站点的监测时长覆盖1990年代至2020年，且将每年更新一次新增数据。本数据集采用综合监测方案，依托多个监测子计划同步测量生态系统各组分的物理、化学与生物特性，涵盖大气、降水、穿透雨、土壤、土壤水、地下水、径流水、植被及生物群等组分。所有测量工作均遵循ICP IM手册中规定的标准化规程，确保不同站点与不同时段的数据质量与可比性。该数据集可用于支撑生态系统对空气污染的响应、气候变化影响及生物地球化学循环等方向的研究。
数据按监测子计划进行分发（包含对应子计划下所有站点的全年份有效数据，单文件存储），站点的地理坐标信息单独存储于独立文件中。目前白俄罗斯、丹麦、冰岛及英国已停用站点的历史数据可通过申请获取；芬兰在TF、SF、SC、SW、FC、LF、FD、VG、EP及BV子计划中的数据，以及波兰的相关监测数据同样可通过申请获取。本监测工作隶属于联合国长程越界空气污染公约（UN Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution，CLRTAP）框架，同时在欧盟国家排放上限指令（EU national emissions ceiling directive，NECD）的报告工作中承担重要职能。我们强烈建议用户参考ICP IM监测手册，该手册详细说明了野外与实验室的测量方法、所用数据格式、各监测子计划中列标题与数据标记的含义，以及示例文件，该手册与数据集同步提供。