Menopausal age and cardiovascular disease risk in American women: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant contributor to the deaths of females, and premature menopause adds to the risk of CVD in females. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the age of menopause and CVD incidence in American females using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
We analyzed data from 6347 females to investigate the association between menopausal age and the risk of CVD using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
The study found that a later menopausal age reduces the risk of developing CVD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.63 − 0.88, p < 0.001). Moreover, females with early-onset CVD had an increased risk of premature menopause before the age of 40 years (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.60 − 3.72, p < 0.001).
Menopausal age is associated with the risk of developing CVD in American females. Specifically, if menopause occurs earlier, there is an increased risk of CVD. Additionally, early-onset CVD significantly raises the risk of premature menopause, which in turn has important implications for female reproductive health.

心血管疾病（Cardiovascular disease, CVD）是导致女性死亡的重要诱因，早发性绝经会进一步增加女性罹患心血管疾病的风险。因此，本研究依托美国国家健康与营养检查调查（National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES）的数据，旨在探究美国女性的绝经年龄与心血管疾病发病率之间的关联。
本研究纳入6347名女性的数据集，采用多变量logistic回归分析，以考察绝经年龄与心血管疾病发病风险的相关性。
研究结果显示，较晚的绝经年龄可降低心血管疾病的发病风险（优势比[OR]=0.74，95%置信区间[CI]=0.63−0.88，p<0.001）。此外，早发性心血管疾病患者在40岁前出现早发性绝经的风险显著升高（OR=2.44，95%CI=1.60−3.72，p<0.001）。
本研究证实，美国女性的绝经年龄与心血管疾病发病风险存在显著关联：绝经年龄越早，罹患心血管疾病的风险越高。同时，早发性心血管疾病会显著提升早发性绝经的发生风险，这一发现对女性生殖健康具有重要的指导意义。