Table_1_Ever Changing Times: Sustainability Transformations of Galician Small-Scale Fisheries.DOCX

The Galician small-scale fisheries sector has been experiencing important changes. The presence of a wide range of ecological, economic, social and institutional drivers have forced the statu quo toward new transitions with the potential to generate desirable transformative changes. Sustainability transformations mean that changes fundamentally alter the entire system’s ecological and/or social properties and functions. However, there is a limited understanding of how a transformative change may look in small-scale fisheries, when and by whom it can be triggered, supported, and implemented. To cover this research gap, the objectives of this paper are twofold: to document the current state of the art of Galician small-scale fisheries, and to evaluate the innovations and changes that occurred between 1990 and 2020, to explore whether such changes have scaled-up as seeds of desirable transformative changes and, if not, what obstacles and/or barriers have been identified in the scientific literature. We selected two cases, the Galician shellfisheries and the Marine Protected Area of Fishing Interest Os Miñarzos, to understand when and how profound changes in small-scale fisheries took place. We hypothesize that obstacles for building resilience to consolidate transformative changes once triggered are the still moderate effectiveness of the fisheries management systems, the low progress of incorporation of scientific and traditional knowledge into decision-making processes and policy arenas, the lack of studies about socio-economic contribution to coastal communities and commercialization models, and the presence of persistent ecological and economic drivers hindering desirable transformative changes.

加利西亚小型渔业（Galician small-scale fisheries）部门正经历着诸多重要变革。多重生态、经济、社会与制度驱动因素的存在，迫使现有格局迈向新的转型阶段，有望催生合乎预期的变革性变革。可持续转型（Sustainability transformations）指的是从根本上重塑整个系统的生态及/或社会属性与功能的变革。然而，目前学界对小型渔业领域的变革性变革具体形态、触发时机与实施主体、支撑路径及落地方式的认知仍较为有限。为填补这一研究空白，本文的研究目标分为两点：一是梳理加利西亚小型渔业的当前研究前沿，二是评估1990年至2020年间出现的各类创新与变革，探究此类变革是否已作为理想变革性变革的种子实现规模化推广；若未实现，则梳理科学文献中已识别出的各类障碍与壁垒。本研究选取两个案例——加利西亚贝类渔业（shellfisheries）以及奥斯米尼亚尔索斯渔业重点海洋保护区（Marine Protected Area of Fishing Interest Os Miñarzos）——以剖析小型渔业领域深刻变革的发生时机与路径。本研究提出如下假说：一旦变革性变革被触发，要构建韧性以巩固该变革，所面临的障碍包括：渔业管理体系的效能仍较为有限；科学知识与传统知识融入决策流程及政策场域的进展缓慢；针对沿海社区社会经济贡献及商业化模式的研究仍有缺失；以及持续存在的生态与经济驱动因素阻碍了理想变革性变革的推进。