Trends of self-rated health in relation to overweight in the adult population in Brazilian Midwest capitals

ABSTRACT: Objective: To estimate the trends of self-rated health in relation to overweight in the adult population of the capitals of the Brazilian Midwest region and the Federal District. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a population aged 20 to 59 years, using data from the Telephone-based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (VIGITEL), performed between 2008 and 2014. The estimates using the complex sampling design were made using simple linear regression, trend graphs and Boxplot. Results: The categories “poor” and “very poor” didn’t increase in the analyzed period. There was an average increase of 0.5 percentage point per year in the categories “fair” and “good” and an average decrease of 1.0 percentage point in the category “very good”. The trend analysis of mean body mass index found there was a progressive growth in all cities. The worst health perceptions showed higher values of body mass index in both sexes. We observed the existence of obese people assessing their health positively. Conclusion: Self-rated health remained relatively constant whereas the body mass index continued to grow between 2008 and 2014. The self-rated health of individuals with high body mass index (>30 kg/m2) does not seem to be directly related to their weight. Therefore, it is important to analyze the association of these two variables controlling for morbidity, health behaviors (smoking and alcohol consumption, physical activity and diet), and sociodemographic factors.

摘要：
研究目的：评估巴西中西部地区首府及联邦特区成年人群中，自评健康状况与超重的关联趋势。
研究方法：本研究为横断面研究，纳入20至59岁人群，数据来源于2008年至2014年间开展的慢性疾病风险与保护因素电话监测系统（VIGITEL）。针对复杂抽样设计的统计估算采用简单线性回归、趋势图与箱线图（Boxplot）完成。
研究结果：分析时段内，“较差”与“极差”的自评健康类别占比未出现上升。“一般”与“良好”类别的占比年均平均上升0.5个百分点，“极佳”类别的占比年均平均下降1.0个百分点。平均体质量指数（Body Mass Index）的趋势分析显示，所有调研城市的该指标均呈渐进式增长。无论男女，健康自评越差者的体质量指数越高。本研究同时观察到，存在肥胖个体对自身健康作出积极评价的情况。
研究结论：2008年至2014年间，自评健康状况保持相对稳定，而体质量指数持续上升。体质量指数较高（>30 kg/m²）人群的自评健康状况，似乎与其体重并无直接关联。因此，在分析这两类变量的关联时，需对共病状况、健康行为（吸烟、饮酒、身体活动与膳食）以及社会人口学因素进行控制，该分析思路具有重要意义。