Second Home Tourism in Finnish Lake District 2004

The survey charted the use and importance of second housing from the viewpoint of second home owners living in the Helsinki region. Second housing in Finland is a large phenomenon with deep historical and cultural roots, and it represents a significant part of domestic tourism. In this survey, the term "second home" refers to rural recreational residences (holiday homes) mainly used during weekends and holidays, especially during summertime. The key themes of the survey included travelling between and life at the first and second homes, and the use of second homes. First, the respondents were asked to give some background information on their second homes, such as its size, standard of equipment, whether it suitable for winter habitation, and whether the respondents had purchased, inherited or built it. The distance between the second home and various services, such as town, grocery store, health centre and bus stop was queried. Travelling between the first and second homes was canvassed by asking the respondents to estimate the number of trips made to the second home and the number of days spent there for each month of the year. The distance to the second home, as well as the time spent and the means of transport used for travelling there were also examined. In addition, the respondents were asked whether they usually stop on the way to the second home and for what reason. The reason for travelling to the second home was also investigated. Further questions pertained to the time spent at the second home. The respondents estimated whether they would like to spend more time there, how they were going to use the second home during the next 5-10 years, which factors prevented the respondents from spending more time there, and who would most likely own the second home after they no longer use it themselves. Some questions focused on remote work, and the respondents also told whether someone in their household commuted from the second home. They listed the advantages and disadvantages of the municipality in which their second home was located, and indicated whether they would be willing to use the municipal services (e.g. health services, social services, broadband Internet access) in that municipality, as well as whether they would be ready to pay for these services. Life at the respondents' first and second homes was charted by asking them to list advantages and disadvantages of living in the capital area as well as in a second home in a rural area. In addition, the respondents were presented with a list of words (e.g. haste, nature, family, freedom, Finnishness) which they had to associate with either of the aforementioned environments. They were also asked to close their eyes, think about life at their second home and tell about it. Finally, the respondents were asked whether they had responded to the survey by themselves or together with other family members. In addition, they were encouraged to write down thoughts and opinions aroused by the survey. Background variables included the respondent's gender, household composition, number of household members, household gross income, and type and size of the first home. In addition, the respondent's and spouse's year of birth, education, and employment type were charted.

本调查以赫尔辛基地区的第二住宅所有者为调研视角，系统刻画了第二住宅的使用情况与重要性。芬兰的第二住宅现象规模庞大，拥有深厚的历史与文化底蕴，同时也是国内旅游业的重要组成部分。本次调查中，“第二住宅（second home）”特指主要用于周末及节假日（尤其是夏季）休闲的乡村度假居所。本次调查的核心议题涵盖首套住宅与第二住宅之间的往返出行、两地生活状态，以及第二住宅的使用情况。首先，受访者需提供其第二住宅的相关背景信息，包括住宅面积、装备标准、是否适合冬季居住，以及受访者是通过购买、继承还是自建方式获得该住宅。调查还询问了第二住宅与各类服务设施的距离，例如城镇、杂货店、卫生服务中心以及公交站点。针对首套与第二住宅之间的往返出行，调查要求受访者估算年度内各月前往第二住宅的出行次数与停留时长。此外，本次调查还考察了前往第二住宅的出行距离、耗时以及所使用的交通方式。另外，受访者被问及是否通常在前往第二住宅的途中停留，以及停留的原因；前往第二住宅的出行动机同样是调查内容之一。进一步的问题围绕第二住宅的停留时长展开：受访者需评估自身是否希望在此停留更长时间、未来5至10年内计划如何使用该住宅、哪些因素阻碍了他们在此停留更长时间，以及在他们不再使用该住宅后，最有可能的继任所有者是谁。部分问题聚焦于远程办公，受访者还需说明其家庭成员中是否有人从第二住宅通勤。受访者需列出其第二住宅所在市镇的优势与劣势，并表明是否愿意使用该市镇的公共服务（如卫生服务、社会服务、宽带互联网接入），以及是否愿意为这些服务付费。通过要求受访者分别列出首都圈与乡村第二住宅的生活优劣势，本次调查刻画了受访者在首套与第二住宅的生活状态。此外，受访者需从给定词汇清单（如匆忙、自然、家庭、自由、芬兰性）中，将词汇与上述两类环境建立关联。受访者还被要求闭眼冥想第二住宅的生活状态并进行描述。最后，受访者需说明自己是独立完成本次调查作答，还是与其他家庭成员共同完成。同时，受访者可自由写下本次调查引发的思考与观点。本次调查的背景变量包括受访者性别、家庭构成、家庭成员数量、家庭总收入，以及首套住宅的类型与面积。此外，调查还记录了受访者及其配偶的出生年份、受教育程度与就业类型。