Table_2_Remote Digital Measurement of Facial and Vocal Markers of Major Depressive Disorder Severity and Treatment Response: A Pilot Study.docx

Objectives: Multiple machine learning-based visual and auditory digital markers have demonstrated associations between major depressive disorder (MDD) status and severity. The current study examines if such measurements can quantify response to antidepressant treatment (ADT) with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin–norepinephrine uptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
Methods: Visual and auditory markers were acquired through an automated smartphone task that measures facial, vocal, and head movement characteristics across 4 weeks of treatment (with time points at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks) on ADT (n = 18). MDD diagnosis was confirmed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), and the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was collected concordantly to assess changes in MDD severity.
Results: Patient responses to ADT demonstrated clinically and statistically significant changes in the MADRS [F(2, 34) = 51.62, p < 0.0001]. Additionally, patients demonstrated significant increases in multiple digital markers including facial expressivity, head movement, and amount of speech. Finally, patients demonstrated significantly decreased frequency of fear and anger facial expressions.
Conclusion: Digital markers associated with MDD demonstrate validity as measures of treatment response.

研究目的：多项基于机器学习的视觉与听觉数字标志物已证实与重性抑郁障碍（major depressive disorder, MDD）的患病状态及严重程度存在关联。本研究旨在考察此类测量指标能否量化患者对选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs）与5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（serotonin–norepinephrine uptake inhibitors, SNRIs）类抗抑郁治疗（antidepressant treatment, ADT）的应答反应。
研究方法：本研究共纳入18名接受抗抑郁治疗的患者，通过自动化智能手机任务采集其视觉与听觉标志物——该任务可在4周治疗周期内，于基线、第2周及第4周三个时间节点，采集受试者的面部、发声及头部运动特征。所有患者的重性抑郁障碍诊断均通过《迷你国际神经精神病学访谈》（Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, MINI）确认，同时同步采用蒙哥马利-阿斯伯格抑郁评定量表（Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, MADRS）评估MDD严重程度的变化。
研究结果：患者对抗抑郁治疗的应答情况在蒙哥马利-阿斯伯格抑郁评定量表得分上呈现出兼具临床与统计学意义的显著变化[F(2, 34) = 51.62, p < 0.0001]。此外，多项数字标志物均出现显著升高，包括面部表情丰富度、头部运动特征及言语量。最后，患者面部表达恐惧与愤怒情绪的频率显著降低。
研究结论：与重性抑郁障碍相关的数字标志物可作为抗抑郁治疗应答的有效评估指标，证实了其应用效度。