Relationship between Burnout, Personality Traits and Sociodemographic Variables in Brazilian Workers

Abstract Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment at work. The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic variables and personality traits, according to the Big Five theory, in the outcome of the syndrome. The sociodemographic questionnaire, the Work Burnout Inventory and the Reduced Personality Markers were answered in an online platform by 343 Brazilian professionals from the service sector (75.50% women, n = 259), working in the areas of health, education, administrative services, security, banking and customer service (e.g. telemarketing, call centers). The results do not point to a statistically significant relationship between sociodemographic variables and burnout. Personality traits had a more predictive relationship with the three factors of burnout, which Neuroticism was the most important predictor. Personal resources, especially Neuroticism, can play an important role in the development of burnout.

摘要：职业倦怠（Burnout）以情绪衰竭、去人格化及工作中个人成就感低落为核心表征。本研究基于大五人格理论（Big Five theory），旨在探究社会人口学变量与人格特质和该综合征（职业倦怠）转归之间的关联。研究通过线上平台招募343名巴西服务业从业者参与调查，其中女性259人，占比75.50%；受访从业者覆盖医疗、教育、行政服务、安保、金融及客服（如电话营销、呼叫中心）等领域，所有参与者均完成了社会人口学问卷、职业倦怠量表（Work Burnout Inventory）以及精简人格特质量表（Reduced Personality Markers）的作答。结果表明，社会人口学变量与职业倦怠之间未呈现统计学意义上的显著关联；人格特质则对职业倦怠的三个维度均具备更强的预测效力，其中神经质（Neuroticism）是最为关键的预测因子。个体资源，尤其是神经质水平，在职业倦怠的发生发展进程中可发挥重要作用。