MouseLight Neuron AA0958

A vast neural tracing effort by a team of Janelia scientists has upped the number of fully-traced neurons in the mouse brain by a factor of 10. Researchers can now download and browse the data in three dimensions. <br>Inside the mouse brain, individual neurons zigzag across hemispheres, embroider branching patterns and, researchers have now discovered, can even spool out spindly fibers up to 45 centimeters long.<br>Scientists can see and explore these wandering neural traces in 3-D in the most detailed map of mouse brain wiring yet created. The map reconstructs the shape and position of more than 300 of the 70 million neurons in the mouse brain. Previous efforts to trace the path of individual neurons had topped out in the dozens. <br>The selectively-labeled neurons were mapped in an iterative process with two-photon microscopy. The brain is sliced in 200-micron sections and a few dozen neurons are labeled at a time and imaged. Each brain imaged yields about 50 terabytes of data, each containing mapped neurons which can be browsed via the NeuronBrowser application. Researchers interested in the complete raw data set should contact Janelia to discuss obtaining it via hardware transfer.

贾内利亚（Janelia）科研团队开展的大规模神经追踪研究，将小鼠大脑中已完成完整追踪的神经元数量提升了10倍。目前研究人员可下载该数据集并进行三维浏览。
在小鼠大脑内部，单个神经元会在左右脑半球间蜿蜒穿行，呈现出如刺绣般繁复的分支形态；研究团队最新发现，这类神经元甚至可延伸出长达45厘米的纤细神经纤维。
科研人员可通过这一迄今最精细的小鼠大脑连接图谱，以三维形式观察并探索这些蜿蜒的神经追踪结构。该图谱重构了小鼠大脑共计7000万个神经元中超过300个的形态与位置。此前的单个神经元追踪研究，最多仅能完成数十个神经元的追踪工作。
本次研究中，经选择性标记的神经元通过双光子显微镜（two-photon microscopy）的迭代成像流程完成绘制：首先将大脑切割为200微米厚的切片，每次可标记并成像数十个神经元。每颗成像的大脑可产生约50太字节（terabytes）的数据，其中包含的已映射神经元可通过NeuronBrowser应用程序进行浏览。若研究人员需要完整的原始数据集，请联系贾内利亚团队，通过硬件传输的方式获取相关数据。