Finotypic plasticity: Predator-induced plasticity in fin size, darkness, and display behaviour in a teleost fish

Fish fins are remarkable devices of propulsion. Fin morphology is intimately linked to locomotor performance, and hence to behaviours that influence fitness, such as foraging and predator avoidance. This foreshadows a connection between fin morphology and variation in predation risk. Yet, whether prey can adjust fin morphology according to changes in perceived risk within their lifetime (a.k.a. predator-induced plasticity) remains elusive. 
Here, we quantify the structural size of five focal fins in crucian carp (Carassius carassius) following controlled manipulations to perceived predation risk (presence/absence of pike Esox lucius). We also assess if crucian carp respond to increased predation risk by shifts in dorsal fin colouration, and test for differences in how fish actively use their dorsal fins by quantifying the area of the fin displayed in behavioural trials. 
We find that crucian carp show phenotypic plasticity with regard to fin size as predator-exposed fish consistently ha..., Data of fin size, fin display and fin colouration extracted from digital photographs of crucian carps reared in the presence or absence of a natural predator. , , # Finotypic plasticity: Predator-induced plasticity in fin size, darkness, and display behaviour in a teleost fish

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.kd51c5bfh](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.kd51c5bfh)

Data for this study consists of measurement of the structural size of five focal fins, colouration, and fin display behaviour in crucian carp (*Carassius carassius*) following controlled manipulations to perceived predation risk (presence/absence of pike *Esox lucius*).

## Description of the data and file structure

Information on data column labels:
Treatment: Fish held in the absence (1) or presence (2) of a pike predator
Tank: The specific tank identity in which fish were held
Standard length: The distance (cm) between the tip of the snout to the end of the last scale anterior to the caudal fin
Lateral_depth: The vertical distance (cm) from the anterior end of the dorsal fin to the lateral line
Dark_Pixels_(%): The average percentage (%) of dark pixels in a standardized rectangular area...

鱼鳍是极具效能的推进结构。鳍的形态与运动性能紧密相关，进而关联到影响个体适合度的行为，例如觅食与反捕食行为。这预示着鳍的形态与捕食风险的变异之间存在关联。然而，猎物能否在其生命周期内根据感知到的风险变化调整鳍的形态（即捕食诱导的可塑性（predator-induced plasticity）），这一问题仍未明晰。

本研究中，我们通过控制对捕食风险的感知（即有无白斑狗鱼*Esox lucius*），对鲫*Carassius carassius*的5个目标鳍的结构尺寸进行量化。此外，我们还评估了鲫是否会通过改变背鳍的着色来响应捕食风险的升高，并通过量化行为试验中展示的背鳍面积，检验鱼类主动使用背鳍的模式差异。

本研究发现，鲫在鳍尺寸方面存在表型可塑性（phenotypic plasticity）：暴露于捕食者环境的个体 consistently ha...。本研究的数据来自对饲养于自然捕食者存在与否环境下的鲫的数码照片提取的鳍尺寸、鳍展示行为与鳍着色信息。

# 鳍型可塑性：硬骨鱼类（teleost fish）鳍尺寸、色泽与展示行为的捕食诱导可塑性

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.kd51c5bfh]

本研究的数据包含：对通过控制捕食风险感知（有无白斑狗鱼*Esox lucius*）处理后的鲫*Carassius carassius*的5个目标鳍的结构尺寸、着色情况以及鳍展示行为的测量结果。

## 数据与文件结构说明

数据列标签说明如下：
- 处理组（Treatment）：饲养于无（1）或有（2）白斑狗鱼捕食者环境中的实验鱼
- 养殖缸（Tank）：饲养实验鱼的专属养殖缸编号
- 标准体长（Standard length）：从吻端至尾鳍前方最后一枚鳞片末端的直线距离（单位：厘米）
- 侧体深度（Lateral_depth）：从背鳍前缘至侧线的垂直距离（单位：厘米）
- 暗像素占比（Dark_Pixels_(%)）：标准化矩形区域内暗像素的平均占比（%）……