Plain language summary about the use and difficulties of medicines given as an injection in Hospital-at-Home

<b>What is this summary about?</b> This is a summary of an article originally published in the <i>American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy</i>. Hospital-at-Home (HaH) involves giving hospital-type care to patients at home. At home, patients often need injections. Injections can be given under the skin or into the muscle or vein with a needle. An injection could be given quickly or over longer periods of time. Patients, caregivers, doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and other healthcare staff face many problems in managing such injections in HaH. <b>What are the key takeaways?</b> A doctor or nurse normally gives an injection to a patient. Each time an injection needs to be given, doctors or nurses may need to visit patients’ homes. If an injection needs to be given many times a day, this means many visits to patients’homes. To manage this, sometimes patients and caregivers are trained to give injections by themselves. Some injections may be given over a longer time or as continuous <b>infusions</b> through a pump. This allows fewer visits by healthcare staff.
Transport and storage of such injections at home also needs special care. In the same way, some medicines that need to be stored safely require special care. Care should be taken to avoid risk of infection from regular visits of doctors and healthcare staff.Medical waste must be carefully disposed of to prevent pollution. <b>What were the main conclusions reported by the researchers?</b> This study describes the authors’ view of the problems with using injections, along with suggested solutions. These solutions may help healthcare staff and benefit patients and caregivers involved in HaH care. <b>Who is this article for?</b> This study may be helpful for patients receiving HaH care and their caregivers,and healthcare staff involved in HaH. This is an abstract of the Plain Language Summary of Publication article. View the full Plain Language Summary PDF of this article to read the full-text

<b>本摘要围绕什么主题？</b> 本文摘译自发表于<i>《美国医院药学杂志》（American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy）</i>的一篇原创文章。家庭医院（Hospital-at-Home，HaH）模式指为居家患者提供医院级别的诊疗护理服务。居家场景下，患者常需接受注射治疗。注射方式涵盖皮下注射、肌内注射及静脉穿刺注射。注射可单次快速完成，也可长时间持续给药。患者、照护者、医师、护士、药师及其他医护人员在家庭医院模式下开展此类注射管理工作时，会面临诸多挑战。<b>核心要点有哪些？</b> 常规注射操作由医师或护士为患者实施。每需开展一次注射操作，医师或护士便需前往患者住所。若一日内需多次注射，则意味着医护人员需多次往返患者住所。为应对该问题，部分患者及照护者会接受培训，自行完成注射操作。部分注射可长时间给药，或通过输注泵实现<b>持续输注（infusions）</b>。此举可有效减少医护人员的上门频次。此类注射制剂的居家运输与储存也需特殊管护。同理，部分需安全储存的药物也需采取特殊管护措施。需注意防范医护人员定期上门带来的感染风险。医疗废物需妥善处置，以防造成环境污染。<b>研究人员报告的主要结论是什么？</b> 本研究阐述了作者针对注射操作相关问题的观点，并提出了相应的解决方案。这些方案可为医护人员提供参考，同时惠及参与家庭医院护理的患者与照护者。<b>本文面向哪些受众？</b> 本研究可为接受家庭医院护理的患者及其照护者，以及参与家庭医院护理的医护人员提供参考。本文为某刊发文章的通俗语言摘要。如需阅读全文，请查看本文的完整通俗语言摘要PDF文件。