Spatiotemporal Dynamic Analysis of Heat Spots in Two Indigenous Lands of Mato Grosso State: a Geoespatial Approach Over the a Dynamic of Fire Use by Xavantes and Bororos

ABSTRACT The article aimed to use geotechnology to study the occurrence of heat spots detected sensors on board of NOAA-12 and NOAA-15 satellites, between the years 2000 and 2010 in a region located on east of Mato Grosso state. It was observed that in the Merure, belonging to Bororo people and São Marcos, belonging to Xavante people indigenous lands the heat spots were presented in different patterns that can be attributed to the distinct ways of fire management by each ethnic group. The practice of hunting with the use of fire influenced the higher concentration and considerable densities of hot spots distributed throughout inside the Xavante`s territory compared to the Bororo´s and in the surrounding buffer areas of São Marcos. In the Bororo territory was observed that the hot spots were presented in higher densities close to the highways that crosses its territory.

摘要：本研究采用地理技术（geotechnology），探究2000年至2010年间马托格罗索州东部区域内，由NOAA-12与NOAA-15卫星搭载传感器探测得到的热斑（heat spots）发生特征。研究观察到，属于博罗罗族（Bororo）的梅鲁雷（Merure）原住民领地，以及属于沙万特族（Xavante）的圣马科斯（São Marcos）原住民领地内，热斑呈现出迥异的分布模式，该差异可归因于两个族群各自独特的用火管理方式。相较于博罗罗族领地与圣马科斯领地周边的缓冲区，沙万特族领地内的热斑分布更广、集中度与密度均更高，这一特征与狩猎用火的实践密切相关。此外，研究发现博罗罗族领地内的热斑高密度区集中于穿越该领地的多条公路沿线。