Table 3_CD302 regulates the malignant phenotypes of lung adenocarcinoma as a tumor suppressor gene.docx

BackgroundCD302 encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in immune regulation via cell–extracellular matrix interactions. Its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unexplored. This study investigates CD302’s expression, clinical relevance, and functional mechanisms in LUAD.
MethodsUsing public databases and bioinformatics, CD302 expression and clinical significance were analyzed. Validation was performed in 52 paired NSCLC samples from the Department of Thoracic Surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University using RT−qPCR and clinical correlation analysis. In vitro CD302 overexpression models in A549 and PC-9 cells were used to assess malignant phenotypes.
ResultsDatabase analysis revealed that CD302 exhibited low expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, with its expression levels being negatively correlated with T stage, N stage, and TNM stage. Patients with high CD302 expression demonstrated significantly higher overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses identified CD302 expression as an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients. A nomogram was constructed to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates, and calibration curve analyses confirmed the model’s robust predictive capability. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.912 further suggests that CD302 holds substantial diagnostic potential. Analysis of clinical NSCLC samples validated the low expression of CD302 in lung adenocarcinoma, with expression levels showing a negative correlation with tumor diameter (correlation coefficient = -0.5358). Moreover, using the human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and PC-9, a CD302 overexpression model was established. Subsequent CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays demonstrated that CD302 overexpression inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells.
ConclusionCD302 is expressed at low levels in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and its expression is negatively correlated with tumor diameter, serving as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Overexpression of CD302 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 and PC-9 cells. Therefore, CD302 holds potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for LUAD patients.

研究背景：CD302编码一种跨膜糖蛋白，可通过细胞-细胞外基质相互作用参与免疫调控，目前其在肺腺癌（LUAD）中的作用尚未阐明。本研究旨在探讨CD302在肺腺癌中的表达特征、临床相关性及潜在作用机制。
研究方法：本研究依托公共数据库及生物信息学方法分析CD302的表达水平与临床意义。选取遵义医科大学附属医院胸外科的52例配对非小细胞肺癌（Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, NSCLC）样本，采用实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT−qPCR）与临床相关性分析对上述结果进行验证。通过在A549与PC-9细胞中构建CD302过表达模型，体外评估其恶性表型变化。
研究结果：数据库分析结果显示，CD302在肺腺癌组织中呈低表达，且其表达水平与T分期、N分期及TNM分期均呈负相关。CD302高表达的肺腺癌患者总生存期（Overall Survival, OS）与无进展生存期（Progression-Free Survival, PFS）均显著更长。单因素与多因素Cox回归分析均证实，CD302表达水平可作为肺腺癌患者的独立预后因素。本研究构建了用于预测肺腺癌患者1年、3年及5年生存率的列线图，校准曲线分析证实该模型具有良好的预测效能。ROC曲线下面积（AUC）达0.912，进一步表明CD302具有可观的诊断潜力。临床非小细胞肺癌样本分析验证了CD302在肺腺癌组织中的低表达特征，且其表达水平与肿瘤直径呈负相关（相关系数为-0.5358）。此外，本研究以人肺腺癌细胞系A549及PC-9为模型，成功构建CD302过表达体系。后续CCK-8增殖实验、克隆形成实验、划痕愈合实验及Transwell侵袭实验结果显示，CD302过表达可抑制非小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖、迁移与侵袭能力。
研究结论：CD302在肺腺癌组织中呈低表达，且其表达水平与肿瘤直径呈负相关，可作为肺腺癌患者不良预后的独立危险因素。在A549与PC-9细胞中过表达CD302可抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力。综上，CD302有望成为肺腺癌患者诊断与预后评估的潜在生物标志物。