NN intervals data for the novices group.

The present study investigated acute cognitive effects of mindfulness meditation (MM) compared to an active control intervention in meditators (n = 22) and novices (n = 20) using a within-subject design. We analyzed reaction times in a digitized Stroop task at baseline, after a 10-minute MM session with a fundamental breathing exercise, and after a 10-minute attentive listening intervention. Interventions order was randomized and a 10 min delay was respected before testing. Relative to baseline, meditators and novices showed faster reaction times after both interventions, but more so after MM for the congruent and incongruent Stroop task conditions that are associated with attention, inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Although the two interventions showed cognitive effects independent of previous meditation experience, MM appeared to induce larger benefits. Our findings are encouraging and support MM’s potential as a means to enhance cognitive performance on the short-term without the need of any previous practice.本研究采用被试内设计，针对22名冥想练习者与20名冥想新手，探究了正念冥想（mindfulness meditation, MM）相较于主动对照干预的急性认知效应。本研究分别在基线状态、10分钟基础呼吸正念冥想训练后，以及10分钟专注聆听干预后，通过数字化斯特鲁普任务（Stroop Task）分析被试的反应时。干预顺序采用随机化设计，且在测试前预留10分钟的间隔时长。相较于基线状态，冥想练习者与新手在两项干预后的反应时均有所缩短，但在与注意、抑制及认知灵活性相关的一致试次与不一致试次斯特鲁普任务条件下，正念冥想干预后的反应时缩短效果更为显著。尽管两项干预均展现出独立于既往冥想经验的认知效应，但正念冥想似乎可带来更显著的认知增益。本研究结果令人鼓舞，支持正念冥想作为无需既往练习经历的短期认知表现提升手段的潜力。