Effect of Cleanser Solutions on the Retention Force of O’ring Attachment: An in Vitro Study

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cleaning solutions on the retention force of o-ring-type overdenture attachments. The effect of four solutions on nitrile rings were evaluated: Cepacol (C), Cepacol with fluoride (CF), Listerine (L) and 0.05% sodium hypochlorite (SH); deionized water (DW) was used as a control. Matrices containing two implants and abutments and acrylic specimens with the metal capsules were obtained and divided into the groups. A simulation of 90 overnight immersions (8 h) was performed, and the tensile strength value was obtained at the beginning (T0) and in every 30 days (T1, T2 and T3) (n=6). In order to analyze o-ring surface damage after the immersions, a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used (n=1). For statistical analysis of the results, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment (test power=1.000; a=0.05) were used. There was a significant difference for the factors time (p<0.001), solution (p<0.001) and for the interaction time × solution (p<0.001). Considering the times of each solution, only for DW there was no significant loss of retention over time. Comparing the solutions in each moment, there was no difference among the solutions in T0. From T1, CF and SH provided less retention than DW (p<0.005). Through SEM it was possible to observe changes in the surface of the CF and SH nitrile o-rings. CF and SH should be avoided due to deleterious action in o-rings.

摘要
本研究旨在评估清洁溶液对O形环式覆盖义齿固位附件（o-ring-type overdenture attachments）固位力的影响。本研究评估了四种溶液对丁腈橡胶环（nitrile rings）的作用效果：西帕高（Cepacol，C）、含氟西帕高（Cepacol with fluoride，CF）、李施德林（Listerine，L）以及0.05%次氯酸钠（0.05% sodium hypochlorite，SH）；以去离子水（deionized water，DW）作为对照组。制备包含两枚种植体及其基台的固位基体与带有金属套盒的丙烯酸树脂试件，并将所有试件分为若干组。进行90次夜间浸泡模拟实验（每次浸泡8小时），分别在实验初始（T0）以及每30天（T1、T2和T3）时测定试件的拉伸强度值（每组n=6）。为分析浸泡后O形环的表面损伤情况，采用扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscopy，SEM）进行观察（每组n=1）。对实验结果进行统计学分析时，采用方差分析（analysis of variance，ANOVA）及Bonferroni校正的多重比较法（检验效能=1.000；显著性水平α=0.05）。结果显示，时间因素（p<0.001）、溶液类型因素（p<0.001）以及时间×溶液的交互作用（p<0.001）均存在显著统计学差异。针对各溶液在不同时间点的结果分析显示，仅去离子水组的固位力随时间推移无显著下降。在同一时间点比较各组溶液的固位力，T0时各组间无显著差异。自T1时间点起，含氟西帕高组与次氯酸钠组的固位力均显著低于去离子水组（p<0.005）。通过扫描电子显微镜观察可见，含氟西帕高组与次氯酸钠组的丁腈O形环表面出现形态改变。鉴于上述两种溶液对O形环存在有害作用，临床应避免使用含氟西帕高漱口水与0.05%次氯酸钠溶液清洁义齿。