HEMODYNAMIC IMPACT OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS IN CHILDREN

Cardiac arrhythmias in children represent a clinically significant group of disorders that may range from benign rhythm variations to life-threatening conditions. Their hemodynamic consequences depend on heart rate, rhythm regularity, atrioventricular synchrony, and underlying cardiac structure. Even transient rhythm disturbances can significantly reduce cardiac output in pediatric patients due to their limited cardiovascular compensatory reserve. This article reviews the mechanisms by which arrhythmias affect hemodynamics in children, emphasizing clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management principles.儿童心脏心律失常（Cardiac arrhythmias）是一类具有重要临床意义的疾病谱，其表现可从良性的节律变异直至危及生命的重症状态。该类病症的血流动力学（hemodynamic）影响取决于心率、节律规整性、房室同步（atrioventricular synchrony）以及患者的基础心脏结构。鉴于儿童群体有限的心血管代偿储备能力，即便一过性的节律紊乱也可显著降低其心输出量。本文综述了儿童心律失常影响血流动力学的相关机制，并重点阐述其临床表现、诊断路径与治疗原则。