Cycle, physicochemical characterization and climatic adaptation of a white hybrid grape on different rootstocks

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the cycle duration, physicochemical characteristics of fruits and climatic adaptation of the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid grape grafted on four rootstocks for the production of white wine. We tested four rootstocks, ‘IAC 766 Campinas’, ‘IAC 572 Jales’, ‘IAC 571-6 Jundiaí’ and ‘IAC 313 Tropical’, planted in two climatic regions, Cfa and Aw, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil in the cultivation years 2014 and 2015. Cycle duration, production, cluster weight, number of berries per bunch, content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, a maturation index and the weight, length and width of berries were evaluated. A principal component analysis characterized the cultivar for both climatic regions and years. The rootstock did not influence the cycle, production or physicochemical characteristics of the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid. The soluble-solid content in the must was higher and the production cycle in 2014 was longer for the Cfa climate. The production cycle was shorter and the weight and width of the berries were lower, mainly in 2015, for the Aw climate. The cycle was thus longer, production was higher and the chemical characteristics were better for the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid under Cfa conditions, regardless of the rootstock.

摘要：本研究针对用于白葡萄酒生产的、嫁接于4种砧木的‘SR 501-17’杂交酿酒葡萄品种，测定其生育周期、果实理化特性及气候适应性。本试验选用‘IAC 766坎皮纳斯（IAC 766 Campinas）’、‘IAC 572雅莱斯（IAC 572 Jales）’、‘IAC 571-6容迪亚伊（IAC 571-6 Jundiaí）’以及‘IAC 313热带（IAC 313 Tropical）’共4种砧木，于2014年和2015年种植在巴西圣保罗州的Cfa与Aw两个气候区中。本研究测定的指标包括生育周期、产量、果穗质量、单穗粒数、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸度、成熟度指数以及单粒浆果的质量、长度与宽度。通过主成分分析，明确了该品种在两个气候区及不同栽培年份下的性状特征。结果表明，砧木对‘SR 501-17’杂交葡萄的生育周期、产量及理化特性无显著影响。在Cfa气候区，葡萄汁的可溶性固形物含量更高，且2014年的生育周期更长；而在Aw气候区，尤其是2015年，生育周期更短，单粒浆果的质量与宽度均更低。综上，无论选用何种砧木，‘SR 501-17’杂交葡萄在Cfa气候条件下的生育周期更长、产量更高且化学品质更优。