Fruit, seed dispersal, and life history traits of tropical rainforest trees of the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India

This dataset contains compiled Fruit, seed dispersal, and life history traits of tropical rainforest trees of the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India. The list of species included are mainly from the following two related publications:- Muthuramkumar, S., Ayyappan, N., Parthasarathy, N., Mudappa, D., Raman, T.R.S., Selwyn, M.A. and Pragasan, L.A. (2006), Plant Community Structure in Tropical Rain Forest Fragments of the Western Ghats, India. Biotropica, 38: 143-160. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00118.x- Osuri, A., Chakravarthy, D., Mudappa, D., Raman, T., Ayyappan, N., Muthuramkumar, S., & Parthasarathy, N. (2017). Successional status, seed dispersal mode and overstorey species influence tree regeneration in tropical rain-forest fragments in Western Ghats, India. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 33(4), 270-284. doi:10.1017/S0266467417000219The present dataset is an expanded and updated version of the related dataset available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vd0nn Species traits information was collated from BIOTIK (http://www.biotik.org/), Flowers of India (http://www.flowersofindia.net/), India Biodiversity Portal (http://indiabiodiversity.org/), Global wood density database (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.234/1) and Osuri et al. (2014): https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467417000219. We also referred to the following previous studies that provided information on the successional status of rain-forest species in the Western Ghats (Chetana 2013, Pascal 1988, Raman et al. 2009, Sreejith 2005).

References:CHETANA, H. C. 2013. Assessing the ecological processes in abandoned tea plantations and its implication for ecological restoration in the Western Ghats, India. PhD thesis, Manipal University.OSURI, A. M., KUMAR, V. S. & SANKARAN, M. 2014. Altered stand structure and tree allometry reduce carbon storage in evergreen forest fragments in India’s Western Ghats. Forest Ecology and Management 329: 375–383.PASCAL, J. P. 1988. Wet evergreen forests of the Western Ghats of India: Ecology, structure, floristic composition and succession. Institut Français de Pondichéry, Pondicherry.RAMAN, T. R. S., MUDAPPA, D. & KAPOOR, V. 2009. Restoring rainforest fragments: survival of mixed-native species seedlings under contrasting site conditions in the Western Ghats, India. Restoration Ecology 17:137–147.SREEJITH, K. A. 2005. Ecological and ecophysiological studies on the successional status of tree seedlings in tropical wet evergreen and semi-evergreen forests of Kerala. PhD thesis, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun.

Geographic Coverage:1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)

Temporal Coverage:1. Begins: 2003-03-01 (Year, Month, Day)2. Ends: 2024-02-10 (Year, Month, Day)

Besides the README.txt file, the dataset includes the following comma-delimited text (csv) file with the data in columns as explained below:

Anamalai_tree_traits_2024.csv

spec_name_ORIG: Scientific name of the species used during the data collectiongenus: Genus of the taxonspecificEpithet: Specific epithet of the taxon in the Latin binomial nameAccept_name_WFO: Updated scientific name of the species as in Plants of the World Online (POWO, https://powo.science.kew.org/)Habit: life form of the species(tree/shrub/cane/palm)Distribution: Distribution of the species in the study area (Native/Endemic/Introduced)IUCN_status: IUCN status of the species (CR-Critically Endangered,DD-Data deficient,EN-Endangered,LC-Least Concern,NT-Near Threatened,VU-Vulnerable,NA-Unknown)Wden_final: Wood density value assigned for the species (g cm^-3); NA - not available; sourced from Global wood density database (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.234/1)wd_level: Level in which the wood density value belongs (Species - wood density value is from species level; genus - wood density value assigned is the genus level average value)fruit_type: Morphological type of fruitfleshy_dry: Whether fruit is a dry fruit or fleshy, with aril or other parts seed_size: Species seed size: L = Large (>3 cm); M = Medium (1-3 cm); S = Small (<1 cm)disperser: Categories indicating seed dispersal mode: Bird, mammal, bird and mammal (Mammal_bird), gravity, wind, or unknownhabitat: Habitat affinity category: EG_edg - evergreen forest edge; EG_for - evergreen forest; Dec_for - deciduous forest; Int – Introduced species; Unknown – Unknownhabt_new: Habitat affinity new category: Mature – mature forest; Secondary – secondary forest, NA - unknown/Introduced speciesad_ht: Species maximum adult height (m)

本数据集汇编了印度西高止山脉阿纳马莱丘陵热带雨林树木的果实、种子扩散及生活史特征。所纳入的物种名录主要源自以下两篇相关学术出版物：
1. Muthuramkumar, S., Ayyappan, N., Parthasarathy, N., Mudappa, D., Raman, T.R.S., Selwyn, M.A. and Pragasan, L.A. (2006). 印度西高止山脉热带雨林片段的植物群落结构. 《热带生物学报》（Biotropica）, 38: 143-160. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00118.x
2. Osuri, A., Chakravarthy, D., Mudappa, D., Raman, T., Ayyappan, N., Muthuramkumar, S., & Parthasarathy, N. (2017). 印度西高止山脉热带雨林片段的演替地位、种子扩散模式与上层树种对树木更新的影响. 《热带生态学杂志》（Journal of Tropical Ecology）, 33(4): 270-284. doi:10.1017/S0266467417000219

本数据集是已发布数据集https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vd0nn 的扩展更新版本。物种特征信息整合自以下数据源：BIOTIK（http://www.biotik.org/）、Flowers of India（http://www.flowersofindia.net/）、印度生物多样性门户（India Biodiversity Portal，http://indiabiodiversity.org/）、全球木材密度数据库（Global wood density database，https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.234/1）以及Osuri等（2014）的研究：https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467417000219。此外，本研究还参考了以下可提供西高止山脉热带雨林物种演替地位相关数据的既往研究：Chetana 2013, Pascal 1988, Raman et al. 2009, Sreejith 2005。

### 参考文献
1. CHETANA, H. C. 2013. 印度西高止山脉废弃茶园的生态过程评估及其对生态修复的启示[D]. 马尼帕尔大学博士学位论文.
2. OSURI, A. M., KUMAR, V. S. & SANKARAN, M. 2014. 印度西高止山脉常绿林片段的林分结构改变与树木异速生长降低碳储量. 《森林生态学与管理》（Forest Ecology and Management）, 329: 375–383.
3. PASCAL, J. P. 1988. 印度西高止山脉的湿润常绿林：生态学、群落结构、区系组成与演替. 法国本地治里研究院（Institut Français de Pondichéry）, 本地治里.
4. RAMAN, T. R. S., MUDAPPA, D. & KAPOOR, V. 2009. 热带雨林片段的修复：印度西高止山脉不同立地条件下混合乡土树种幼苗的存活情况. 《恢复生态学》（Restoration Ecology）, 17:137–147.
5. SREEJITH, K. A. 2005. 喀拉拉邦热带湿润常绿林与半常绿林树木幼苗演替地位的生态学与生理生态学研究[D]. 德拉敦森林研究所博士学位论文.

### 地理覆盖范围
1. 研究区域/地点：印度泰米尔纳德邦瓦尔帕莱高原、印度泰米尔纳德邦阿纳马莱老虎保护区
2. GPS坐标：瓦尔帕莱高原（10°15'–10°22'N，76°52'–76°59'E）；阿纳马莱老虎保护区（10°12'–10°35'N，76°49'–77°24'E）

### 时间覆盖范围
1. 起始时间：2003年3月1日（年、月、日）
2. 结束时间：2024年2月10日（年、月、日）

除README.txt文件外，本数据集包含以下逗号分隔格式文本（CSV）文件，各数据列说明如下：
`Anamalai_tree_traits_2024.csv`
- spec_name_ORIG：数据采集阶段使用的物种原始学名
- genus：物种所属属名
- specificEpithet：拉丁双名法中的物种种加词
- Accept_name_WFO：世界植物在线（"Plants of the World Online, POWO", https://powo.science.kew.org/）收录的物种最新有效学名
- Habit：物种生活型（乔木/灌木/藤本/棕榈）
- Distribution：研究区域内物种分布属性（本土种/特有种/引入种）
- IUCN_status：物种IUCN保护等级（CR：极危、DD：数据缺乏、EN：濒危、LC：无危、NT：近危、VU：易危、NA：未知）
- Wden_final：物种木材密度测定值（单位：克每立方厘米，g cm^-3）；NA代表无可用数据，数据来源于全球木材密度数据库（https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.234/1）
- wd_level：木材密度值来源层级（Species：物种水平实测密度值；genus：采用属水平平均密度值）
- fruit_type：果实形态类型
- fleshy_dry：果实干湿属性（干燥果实、肉质果实或具假种皮等附属结构的果实）
- seed_size：物种种子大小分级：L（大，>3厘米）、M（中，1–3厘米）、S（小，<1厘米）
- disperser：种子扩散模式分类：鸟类、哺乳类、鸟类与哺乳类协同（Mammal_bird）、重力扩散、风力扩散或未知
- habitat：生境偏好类型：EG_edg：常绿林边缘、EG_for：常绿林、Dec_for：落叶林、Int：引入物种、Unknown：未知
- habt_new：更新后的生境偏好分类：Mature：成熟林、Secondary：次生林、NA：未知/引入物种
- ad_ht：物种最大成年树高（单位：米）