AltarData

AltarData: A novel annotated dataset for object detection in the Brazilian heritage altars using deep learning AltarData innovates by publicly providing high-quality images of altars from 33 Brazilian historical religious buildings located in 12 historic towns. Three of these urban ensembles are recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites: the Historic Town of Ouro Preto, the Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia, and the Historic Centre of the Town of Diamantina. In this context, the proposed dataset comprises 1,278 photographs with 12,093 labeled instances distributed across the following categories: 1 - Altar Table: the table located at the front of the altar, where items for the Eucharistic celebration are usually placed. 2 - Column: cylindrical pillar that serves both as a structural element and as an ornament of the altars. 3 - Crucifix: sculpture of Jesus Christ on the cross. In this study, both small crucifixes, typically placed in front of the tabernacle, and larger sculptures positioned at the center of the altar were considered. 4 - Saint Sculpture: images of saints located on the main or side altars of the churches. 5 - Tabernacle: small cabinet (box) with a door at the center of the altar, where the hosts are stored. 6 - Throne: type of pedestal used to display saint sculptures and crucifixes. In this study, both central and side thrones of the altars were considered. The data annotation phase aimed to label each collected altar image. The object types were selected based on their consistent presence in the altars of Brazilian historical churches from the 18th and 19th centuries. In this paper, the dataset was annotated by the authors, based on a careful study of traditional references in the field of Brazilian religious Baroque. In this sense, the architectural and ornamentation glossary of the Minas Gerais Baroque (A. Ávila, J. M. M. Gontijo, R.G. Machado, Barroco Mineiro: Glossário de Arquitetura e Ornamentação, Fundação João Pinheiro, 1980) and the visual glossary of the Luso-Brazilian Baroque (B. L .de Toledo, Esplendor do Barroco Luso-Brasileiro, 2nd Edition, Atelie Editorial, 2015) were analyzed. The dataset was split into training, validation, and test sets based on the geographical location of the historic churches: - training: Training and Validation Experiments (29 churches – 1,226 images), with images from the cities of Ouro Preto, Mariana, Serro, Rio de Janeiro, Cachoeira do Campo, Tiradentes, São João del-Rei, Lagoa Dourada, São Brás do Suaçuí, and Salvador. It is worth noting that the images in this subset were randomly split in an 80/20 ratio for training and validation, respectively. - testing: Test Experiments (4 churches – 52 images), with images from the cities of Diamantina and Campanha. In addition, the AltarData images are accompanied by an auxiliary file named info.labels. This file contains the annotations for each of the 12,093 items across all images.AltarData数据集：一款面向巴西文物祭坛深度学习目标检测任务的新型标注数据集。 AltarData的创新之处在于，公开提供了来自巴西12座历史城镇内33座历史宗教建筑的祭坛高清图像。其中3处城镇建筑群已被列入联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）世界遗产名录，分别为欧鲁普雷图历史名城、萨尔瓦多德巴伊亚历史中心以及迪亚曼蒂纳镇历史中心。本数据集共包含1278张照片，对应12093个标注实例，涵盖以下6类目标： 1. 祭坛供桌（Altar Table）：设于祭坛前端的桌台，通常用于摆放圣体圣事仪式所需器具。 2. 立柱（Column）：兼具结构支撑与装饰功能的圆柱形支柱，用于祭坛构造。 3. 十字架苦像（Crucifix）：耶稣受难十字架雕塑。本研究涵盖两类苦像：一类是通常设于圣体柜前方的小型苦像，另一类是置于祭坛中央的大型雕塑。 4. 圣徒雕像（Saint Sculpture）：设于教堂主祭坛或侧祭坛的圣徒形象雕塑。 5. 圣体柜（Tabernacle）：设于祭坛中央的带门小型储物柜，用于存放圣体饼。 6. 圣像基座（Throne）：用于安置圣徒雕像与十字架苦像的基座。本研究涵盖祭坛中央与两侧的各类基座。 数据标注阶段以逐张标注所有采集到的祭坛图像为目标。所选目标类别均为18至19世纪巴西历史教堂祭坛的典型常设构件。本数据集的标注工作由本文作者完成，其依据为巴西宗教巴洛克艺术领域的权威传统参考资料：《米纳斯吉拉斯州巴洛克建筑与装饰术语辞典（Barroco Mineiro: Glossário de Arquitetura e Ornamentação）》（A. Ávila, J. M. M. Gontijo, R.G. Machado, Fundação João Pinheiro, 1980）以及《卢索-巴西巴洛克视觉术语辞典（Esplendor do Barroco Luso-Brasileiro）》第2版（B. L. de Toledo, Atelie Editorial, 2015）。 本数据集依据历史教堂的地理位置划分为训练集、验证集与测试集： - 训练与验证子集：用于训练与验证实验，涵盖29座教堂的1226张图像，采集自欧鲁普雷图、马里亚纳、塞罗、里约热内卢、卡舒埃拉杜坎普、蒂拉登特斯、圣若昂德尔雷伊、拉戈阿杜拉达、圣布拉斯杜苏阿苏伊以及萨尔瓦多等城市。该子集按80:20的比例随机划分为训练集与验证集。 - 测试子集：用于测试实验，涵盖4座教堂的52张图像，采集自迪亚曼蒂纳与坎帕尼亚两市。 此外，AltarData数据集配套提供名为info.labels的辅助文件，该文件包含所有图像中12093个标注对象的详细标注信息。