The role of nursing in enhancing quality of life for lung cancer patients receiving targeted and immunotherapy: Challenges, opportunities, and future directions

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are two critical contemporary strategies in the management of lung cancer. Despite their success in extending survival and mitigating symptoms, they introduce complex nursing interventions. This narrative review examines the impact of these treatment strategies on patients’ quality of life, assesses the efficacy of current nursing interventions, and proposes strategies for enhancing future nursing practices. A comprehensive analysis of existing literature, covering studies published between 2014 and 2024 in the databases of WOSCC- SCIE, PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase, underscores the pivotal role of nursing in managing treatment-related adverse effects, delivering psychosocial support, and educating patients. Nevertheless, challenges remain in the areas of nursing staff training, resource allocation, and the limited scope of nursing research. Future directions should focus on the development of individualized care plans, the integration of innovative nursing technologies, and the ongoing enhancement of care quality to optimize nursing practices.

靶向治疗（Targeted therapy）与免疫治疗（immunotherapy）是当下肺癌临床管理的两大关键策略。尽管二者在延长患者生存期、缓解临床症状方面成效显著，但也带来了复杂的护理干预需求。本叙事性综述（narrative review）旨在探析上述两类治疗策略对患者生活质量的影响，评估当前护理干预措施的有效性，并提出优化未来护理实践的可行路径。本研究对2014年至2024年间发表于WOSCC-SCIE、PubMed、CINAHL及Embase数据库的现有文献进行了系统梳理，明确了护理工作在管控治疗相关不良反应、提供社会心理支持以及开展患者教育方面的核心作用。然而，当前仍存在诸多挑战：包括护理人员培训体系不完善、资源配置不均，以及护理研究范畴受限等问题。未来的护理实践应聚焦于个性化护理方案的研发、创新护理技术的整合，以及持续提升护理质量，以优化整体护理服务水平。