Describing the evidence linking interprofessional education interventions to improving the delivery of safe and effective patient care: a scoping review

Empirical evidence indicates that collaborative interprofessional practice leads to positive health outcomes. Further, there is an abundance of evidence examining student and/or faculty perceptions of learning or satisfaction about the interprofessional education (IPE) learning experience. However, there is a dearth of research linking IPE interventions to patient outcomes. The objective of this scoping review was to describe and summarize the evidence linking IPE interventions to the delivery of effective patient care. A three-step search strategy was utilized for this review with articles that met the following criteria: publications dated 2015–2020 using qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods; the inclusion of healthcare professionals, students, or practitioners who had experienced IPE or training that included at least two collaborators within coursework or other professional education; and at least one of ten Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services quality measures (length of stay, medication errors, medical errors, patient satisfaction scores, medication adherence, patient and caregiver education, hospice usage, mortality, infection rates, and readmission rates). Overall, n=94 articles were identified, providing overwhelming evidence supporting a positive relationship between IPE interventions and several key quality health measures including length of stay, medical errors, patient satisfaction, patient or caregiver education, and mortality. Findings from this scoping review suggest a critical need for the development, implementation, and evaluation of IPE interventions to improve patient outcomes.

现有实证证据表明，跨专业协作实践可带来积极的健康结局。此外，已有大量研究考察了学生及/或教职员工对跨专业教育（interprofessional education, IPE）学习体验的学习感知与满意度。然而，目前鲜有研究将跨专业教育干预与患者结局关联起来。本次范围综述的目标是描述并总结跨专业教育干预与有效患者照护提供之间关联的相关证据。本综述采用三步检索策略，纳入符合以下标准的文献：发表于2015至2020年、采用定性、定量或混合研究方法；纳入曾参与跨专业教育或培训（在课程或其他专业教育中至少包含两名协作方）的医疗保健专业人员、学生或从业者；且研究至少涉及美国医疗保险与医疗补助服务中心（Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services）的十项质量指标之一，包括住院时长、用药错误、医疗差错、患者满意度评分、用药依从性、患者与照护者教育、临终关怀使用情况、死亡率、感染率及再入院率。最终共检索到94篇相关文献，结果明确显示跨专业教育干预与多项关键健康质量指标（包括住院时长、医疗差错、患者满意度、患者或照护者教育及死亡率）之间存在正向关联。本次范围综述的结果表明，亟需开发、实施并评估跨专业教育干预措施，以改善患者结局。