Table_1_Resting-State Default Mode Network Related Functional Connectivity Is Associated With Sustained Attention Deficits in Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.docx

Background: Previous studies have indicated the resting-state default mode network (DMN) related connectivity serving as predictor of sustained attention performance in healthy people. Interestingly, sustained attention deficits as well as DMN-involved functional connectivity (FC) alterations are common in both patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Thus, the present study was designed to investigate whether the DMN related resting-state connectivity alterations in these two psychiatric disorders were neural correlates of their sustained attention impairments.
Methods: The study included 17 SCZ patients, 35 OCD patients and 36 healthy controls (HCs). Sustained attention to response task was adopted to assess the sustained attention. Resting-state scan was administrated and seed-based whole-brain FC analyses were performed with seeds located in classical DMN regions including bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC).
Results: Both SCZ and OCD patients had poorer sustained attention than HCs. Sustained attention deficits in OCD was negatively correlated with their impaired FC of right mPFC-left superior frontal gyrus (SFG) within DMN, and that in SCZ was significantly correlated with their altered FC of left mPFC-bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) which indicated interaction between DMN and salience network. In addition, the FC between left mPFC and right parietal lobe indicating the interaction between DMN and frontal-parietal network was correlated with sustained attention in both SCZ and OCD.
Conclusion: These findings suggest the importance of DMN-involved connectivity, both within and between networks in underlying sustained attention deficits in OCD and SCZ. Results further support the potential of resting-state FC in complementing information for cognitive deficits in psychiatric disorders.

背景：既往研究表明，健康人群中与静息态默认模式网络（default mode network, DMN）相关的功能连接可作为持续注意表现的预测指标。有趣的是，精神分裂症（schizophrenia, SCZ）与强迫症（obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD）患者均常出现持续注意缺陷，以及与DMN相关的功能连接（functional connectivity, FC）异常。因此，本研究旨在探讨这两种精神疾病中与DMN相关的静息态功能连接异常，是否为其持续注意损害的神经关联机制。
方法：本研究共纳入17名精神分裂症患者、35名强迫症患者及36名健康对照（healthy controls, HCs）。采用持续注意反应任务评估受试者的持续注意能力。对受试者进行静息态扫描，并基于经典DMN脑区（包括双侧内侧前额叶皮层（medial prefrontal cortex, mPFC）与后扣带回皮层（posterior cingulate cortex, PCC））作为种子点开展全脑功能连接分析。
结果：精神分裂症与强迫症患者的持续注意表现均差于健康对照。强迫症患者的持续注意缺陷与DMN内右侧mPFC-左侧额上回（superior frontal gyrus, SFG）的功能连接损害呈负相关；而精神分裂症患者的持续注意缺陷则与左侧mPFC-双侧前扣带回皮层（anterior cingulate cortex, ACC）的功能连接异常显著相关，该异常反映了DMN与突显网络的交互作用。此外，左侧mPFC与右侧顶叶之间的功能连接（反映DMN与额顶网络的交互作用），在精神分裂症与强迫症患者中均与持续注意表现相关。
结论：本研究结果表明，DMN相关的脑区内及网络间功能连接，在强迫症与精神分裂症患者的持续注意缺陷发病机制中具有重要作用。该结果进一步支持，静息态功能连接可作为补充信息来源，用于评估精神疾病患者的认知损害。